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Helminths Flashcards

1
Q

Pinworm is caused by

A

Enterobius

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2
Q

Worm which lays eggs in the anus

A

Enterobious

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3
Q

Transmission of enterobius

A

Fecal Oral route (Self-infection)

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4
Q

Diagnosis of enterobius

A

Scotch tape test

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5
Q

Treatment of Enterobius

A

Pyrantel pamoate / Albendazole

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6
Q

Hookworms are

A

Ancyclostoma duodenale

Necator americanus

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7
Q

Hookworm mode of transmission

A

Penetrate skin of soles of feet, then ascend to lungs, cough up, swallowed, matures in small intestine

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8
Q

Manifestations of hookworm infectiion

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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9
Q

Diagnosis of hookworm

A

Stool test, look for eggs

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10
Q

Treatment of Hookworm

A

Pyrantel pamoate

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11
Q

Transmission of ascaris

A

Ingestion of eggs in contaminated food, migrates to lungs, then mature, swallowed again

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12
Q

Clinical manifestations of Ascariasis

A

Respiratory symptoms
Malnutrition
Intestinal obstruction

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13
Q

Diagnosis of ascariasis

A

Eggs in stool

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14
Q

Treatment of Ascariasis

A

Albendazole

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15
Q

Transmission of Strongyloides

A

Penetrates soles of feet –> lungs –> swallowed in GI tract

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16
Q

Nematode capable of autoinfection

A

Strongyloides - eggs rhatch and repenetrate inside

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17
Q

Diagnosis of strongyloides

A

Stool test - LARVAE. not eggs

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18
Q

Treatment of Strongyloides

A

Albendazole, Ivermectin

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19
Q

Trichinella spiralis is found in

A

Undercooked meat

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20
Q

Symptoms of trichinella infection

A

Periorbital edema, vomiting, fever, sweating, myalgia

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21
Q

Transmission of Trichinella

A

Ingestion –> larvbae enter muscle and form cysts within striated muscle

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22
Q

Trearment of Trichinella

A

Albendazole

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23
Q

Dracunculus medinensis infection mode

A

Drinking infected water with copepods containing larvae

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24
Q

Intermediate host of dracunculius

A

Copepods

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25
Manifestaition of dracunculus
Painful skin ulcer with worm coming out
26
Treatment of dracunculus
Metronidazole | Manual extraction of worm bny wrapping around stick
27
Onchocerca volvulus intermediate host
Black fly
28
Manifestation of Onchocerca volvulus
Hyperpigmented and hypopigmented papules with onchodermatitis, blindness
29
River blindness is caused by
Onchocerca volvulus
30
Stage of Onchocerca volvulus larva which circulates in the body
Microfilaria
31
Diagnosis of Onchocerca volvulus
Microfilaria in skin biopsy
32
Treatment of Onchocerca volvulus
Ivermectin
33
Clinical manifestations of Wuchereria bancriofti
Lymphadenopathy Cough Elephantiasis
34
Intermediate hoset of Wuchereria bancrofti
Mosquito
35
diangosis of Wuchereria bancrofti
Thick smear
36
Treatment of Wuchereria
Diethylcarbamazine
37
Toxocara canis transmission
Food ingestion contaminated wityh dog or cat feces
38
Visceral larva migrans is caused by
Toxocara canis
39
Manifestations ofvisceral larva migrans
Blindness
40
Treatment of toxocara canis
Albendazole
41
Transient angioedema is caused by
Loa Loa
42
Adult worms migratihng across conjunctiva is
Loa loa
43
Vector of Loa Loa
Deer flies
44
Treatment of Loa Loa
Diethylcarbamaxzine, albendazole
45
Taenia transmission
Ingestion of undercooked meat Saginata - cattle Solium - pig
46
Hooks on proglottid head is present on which Taenia
Taenia solium Taenia saginata has no hook
47
Neurocysticercosis is caused by
Taenia solium and Saginata, when Eggs are ingested
48
Ingestion of cysts vs Ingestion of Eggs of Taenia
Cysts - causes taeniasis - malabsorption, GI upset Eggs - neurocysticercosis
49
Treatment of Taenia
Praziquantel If neuro - add albendazole
50
Fish tapeworm
Diphyllobothrium latum
51
Manifestation of D. latum
Diarrhea, Vitamin B12 deficiencymegaloblastic anemia,
52
Largest tapeworm(longest)
D. latum
53
Diagnossis of D. latum
Proglottid segments seen on stool tests
54
Treatment of D. latum
Praziquantel, Niclosamide
55
Sheep Tapeworm
Echinococcus granbulus
56
Definitive host of Echinococcus
Dog
57
Intermeidiate host of Echinococcus
Sheep
58
Incidental host of Echinococcus
Human - from accidental ingestion of contaminated dog feces
59
Eggshell calcifications on a liver image shows hydatid cyst, typical of what worm
Echinococcus
60
Complication of hydatid cyst rupture
Acute abdomen and anaphylactic reaction
61
Mode of infection of schistosoma
Cercariae infect humans
62
Intermediate host of Schistosoma
Snails
63
Schistosoma mansoni, japonicum, vs hematobium
Migrate against portal flow Mansoni and japonicum - Liver Hematobium - bladder
64
Morphology of schistosoma mandoni and japonicum (spines)
Mansoni - large, lateral Japonicum - small spine Hematoibium - large spine
65
Symptoms of Schistosoma
Swimmer's itch Man and Jap - Portal hypertension, GI bleed, cirrhosis Hem - hematuria, bladder cancer
66
Chinese liver fluke is
Clonorchis sinensis
67
Intermediate host of clonorchis
Snails
68
Manifestationbs of clonorchis
Biliary fibrosis Cholangiocarcinoma pigmented gallstones
69
Morphology of clonorchis eggs
Operculated
70
Treatment of clonorchis
Praziquantel
71
Lung flukes are
Paragonimus westermani
72
Manifestations of paragonimiasis
Cough with bloody sputum
73
Intermediate host of paragonimus
Snail
74
Transmission of lung fluke
Ingestion of undercooked crab meat
75
Morphology of eggs of paragonimus
Operculated
76
Treatment of paragonuimus
Praziquantel

PLE Microbiology (9 decks)

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