Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PLE Microbiology > Bacteria - Gram Negative > Flashcards

Bacteria - Gram Negative Flashcards

1
Q

Morphology of Neisseria

A

Gram negative diplococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Neisseria tests

A

Oxidase positive
Chocolate Agar Growth (heated blood agar)
VPN agar (Vancomycin, Polymixin, Nystatin) or Thayer Martin agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Immunologic Deficiency putting patients at risk for Neisseria

A

C5-C9 deficiency unable to produce MAC complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Virulence factors of Neisseria

A

Fimbriae - pili shows antigenic variation

IgA protease - for survival in mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Transmission of Neisseria meningitides

A

Respiratory droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neisseria meningitides and gonorrhea ferments what sugars?

A

M: Glucose and Maltose

G: Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Capsule of Neisseria meningitides

A

Polyssacharide Capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pathogenesis of neisseria meningitides

A 
Colonization of nasopharynx
production of Lipopolyssacharide, causing inflammation response
Increased capillary permeability
Petechial rash
Shock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chacteristic PE finding of Neisseria Meningitides

A

Petechial rash from thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Waterhouse Friderichsen Syndrome

A

Adrenal Insufficiency from hemorrhage from Neisseria Meningitides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment and prophylaxis of choice in Neisseria Meningitides

A

Ceftriaxone
(treatment)

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does neisseria gonorrheae usually stay and live?

A

Facultative Intracellular in PMNs

does not gram stain if intracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Capsule of Neisseria Gonorrhae

A

NO capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical manifestations of Gonorrhea

A

Male - urethritis, prostatitis

Female - PID, white purulent discharge

Both - septic arthritis, usually knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome is?

A

Spread of PID into peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Violin String Adhesions in liver are associated with

A

Neisseria gonorrheae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Neonatal conjunctivitis is usually caused by what organism

A

Neisseria Gonorrheae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Treatment of choice for gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

plus Macrolide / Doxycyline) Chlamydia treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and serratia all cause?

A

Hospital acquired pneumonia, UTI. MDR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lactose fermenting enterobactericae

A

Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, E coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pink colonies on MacConkey agar signify

A

Lactose fermenters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Enterobacter morphology

A

Motile gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Serratia morphology

A

Motile gram negative, with red pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Klebsiella is usually associated with what conditions

A

Alcoholic
Abcesses
Aspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Capsule of Klebsiella
Polysaccharide Capsule
26
Currant Jelly Sputum is associated with
Klebsiella
27
Morphology of Klebsiella
Immotile
28
Tests for Klebsiella
Urease positive
29
Salmonella morphology
Motile Acid Labile - needs a lot of organisms to cause infection Capsulated
30
Black colonies on Hektoen Agar signify
H2S positive - salmonella
31
Undercooked chicken is major cause of
Salmonella enterides
32
Salmonella typhi chronic carriers are in what organ
Gallbladder
33
Clinical features of S. typhi
Rose spots Osteomyelitis in sickle cell Pea soup diarrhea Constipation
34
Treatment of S. typhi
Fluoroquinolones
35
Salmonella with vaccine and what type
S. Typhi - live attenuated
36
S. enteridides clinical manifestation
Inflammatory diarrhea from type III secretion system
37
Pathogenesis of salmonella
Facultative intracellular, once taken by macrophages and it transmits
38
Green colonies on Hektoin agar signify
Shigella
39
Morphology of Shigella
Immotile, acid stable (more potent)
40
Pathogenesis of Shigella
Phagocytosed in M cells in mucosa and released before reaching immune defenses. , then releases cytokines Facultative intracellular
41
Clinical symptoms of shigella
Bloody diarrhea
42
Shigella dysenteriae in children may precipitate into what illness
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome shiga toxin induces endothelial damage including glomerulus
43
Pathogenesis of shiga toxin
Affects 60s binds ribosome, type III secretion
44
Morphology of E coli
Encapsulated With fimbriae
45
Lab tests for E coli
Metallic Green on EMB agar Pink on macconkey agar Catalase positive
46
Leading cause of gram negative sepsis
Lipopolysaccharide endotoxin of E coli
47
E coli general clinical manifestations
Gram neg sepsis | Neonatal meningitis in children
48
EHEC is transmitted by?
Undercooked meat
49
EHEC clinical manifestations
Bloody diarrhea | Hemolytic uremic syndrome in children under 10
50
EHEC lab features
Only E coli not fermenting sorbitol
51
Toxin in EHEC
Shiga-like toxin - targets 60s subunit of ribosome
52
O157:H7 antigen associated with outbreaks of what
EHEC
53
Traveller's diarrhea is associated with
ETEC Montezuma's Revenge
54
Transmission of ETEC
Water borne
55
Toxins of ETEC
Heat labile - increases cAMP | Heat stable - increases cGMP
56
Clinical manifestation of ETEC
Watery diarrhea
57
The Black Plague was caused by what bacteria
Yersinia Pestis
58
Yersinia enterocolitica is transmitted through
Puppy feces Contaminated milk products Common in toddlers
59
Yersinia is more resistant to heat or cold
Cold
60
Yersinia morphology
Bipolar staining, like safety pin Encapsulated Gram Negative
61
Clinical manifestation of yersinia enterocolitica
Bloody Diarrhea Fever, Leukocytosis, abscess Intusucception, NEC
62
Yersinia enterocolitica mimics what abdominal disease
Appendicitis
63
Incidental host and reservoir and transmission of yersinia pestis
Incidental host - human Reservoir - rodents, prairie dogs Transmission -flea
64
Swollen tender lymph nodes is associated with
Bubonic plague | Bubons
65
Toxins of yersinia pestis
Yops | From Type III secretions
66
Treatment of Yersinia
Aminoglycoside + Tetracycline
67
Type of vaccine in yersinia pestis
Killed vaccine
68
Guillain barre syndrome is associated with
Campylobacter jejuni
69
Campylobacter is heat resistant or cold
Heat - grows in high temp
70
Transmission of campylobacter
Fecal-oral transmission from infected chicken
71
Clinical manifestation of campylobacter
Bloody diarrhea Reactive arthritis Guillain barre syndrome
72
Curved gram negative rods which are oxidase positive
Campylobacter Vibrio Helicobacter
73
Ritter's syndrome is
Reactive arthritis from campylobacter
74
Comma shaped bacteria is representative of
Vibrio Cholerae
75
Clinical manifestation of Vibrio Cholerae
Rice water stools (profuse)
76
Pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae
Bacteria attaches to mucosa by fimbriae, releases toxin which increases cAMP by binding adenylate cyclase in Gs pathway - secretory diarrhea
77
Treatment of Cholera
Oral Rehydration
78
Growth of Cholera
Grows on Alkaline Media - Acid Labile
79
Non-cholera vibrio usually involves what organism
Shellfish
80
Helicobacter morphology
Helical shaped motile gram negative
81
Tests for helicobacter
Oxidase positive | Urease positive
82
Clinical manifestation of H pylori
Duodenal Ulcers Gastric Ulcer Risk of Gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma
83
Pseudomonas morphology and environment
``` Gram negative rod Thrives in aquatic environments Oxidase positive Catalase positive Encapsulated ```
84
Pyocyanin and pyoverdin are associated with
Pseudomonas green pigment
85
Grape-like odor is associated with
Pseudomonas
86
Respirations of enterobactericae
Pseudomonas - obligate aerobe | The rest - facultative anaerobe
87
Clinical manifestations of pseudomonas
``` HAP Pneumonia in cystic fibrosis Osteomyelitis in DM and Drug Users Infection in Burn Patient Catheter associated UTI Pruritic papular folliculitis Otitis Externa ```
88
Hot-tub folliculitis is caused by
Pseudomonas
89
Ecthyma gangrenosum is associated with
Pseudomonas - necrotic lesion for the skin
90
Pseudomonas Toxin
Exotoxin A - identical with diptheria (ribosylate and elongation of EF-2)
91
Treatment for Pseudomonas
PipTazo Aminoglycoside Fluoroquinolones Ceftazidime
92
Proteus morphology and tests
Swarming motility
93
Staghorn calculi and struvite stones are associated with
Proteus mirailis Urease positive allows alkalinization and stone formation
94
Treatment for Proteus
Sulfonamides
95
Filamentous hemagglutinin is associated with virulence from what bacteria
Bordatella pertussis
96
Mechanism of pertussis toxin
Ribosylates Gi increases cAMP Disables lymphocyte receptors, causing lymphocytosis Adenylate cyclase toxin (similar to EF in bacillus) Trachea toxin - attacks trachea ciliated epithelium
97
Clinical manifestations of pertussis
Catarrhal - nonspecific Paroxysmal Stage - Whooping Cough Convalescent Stage - lasts month
98
Treatment of pertussis
Macrolide
99
Transmission of pertussis
Respiratory droplet
100
Vaccine for pertussis
Acellular, proteins (part of DPT)
101
Morphology of Hemophilus influenzae
Cocco-bacillary shape, gram negative
102
Media for Hemophilus influenzae
Chocolate agar - contains factor 5 (nicotinamide NAD) | - factor 10 (hematin)
103
Transmission of hemophilus influenzae
Aerosol transmission
104
Manifestations of Hemophilus influenzae
Pneumonia Epiglottitis (inspiratory stridor, cherry red epiglottis) Otitis Media Meningitis (type B capsule)
105
Vaccine for hemophilus influenza targets what
for Meningitis causing - HiB (type B) polysaccharide capsule
106
Gram negative bacteria which needs silver stain to be visualized
Legionella
107
Culture media for legionella
Charcoal yeast extract with Iron and Cysteine
108
Clinical features of legionella
Legionnaire's disease - common in smokers, atypical pneumonia (hyponatremia,neurologic sx like headache and confusion, diarrhea, high fever) Pontiac Fever - self limited fever and malaise
109
Rapid diagnosis for Legionella
Rapid urine antigen test
110
Treatment for Legionella
Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones
111
Legionella is oxidase positive True or False
TRUE
112
Warthin-Starry Stain is used to culture?
Bartonella henselae
113
Clinical manifestation of Bartonella henselae
Cat scratch disease (fever, axillar lymphadenopathy, in immunocompetent) Bacillary angiomatosis (in immunocompromised) (raised red vascular lesions) Kaposi Sarcoma
114
Treatment for Bartonella
Doxycycline - for angiomatosis Macrolides usually self limiting
115
Reservoir for Brucella
Farm animals Transmitted by contact with animals or unpasteurized products
116
Respiration of brucella
Facultative intracellular
117
Clinical manifestations of brucellosis
Fever, Anorexia, Undulant Fever Systemic spread - spleen, liver, lymph node enlargement Osteomyelitis (chronic)
118
Treatment of Brucellosis
Tetracycline + Rifampin
119
Main reservoir for francisella tularensis
Rabbits
120
Transmission of francisella tularensis
Dermacentor Tick | Aerosol (bioterrorism)
121
Morphology of francisella tularensis
Gram negative coccobacilli
122
Respiration of francisella tularensis
Facultative intracellular
123
Clinical Manifestations of tularemia
Painful ulcer at site of infection Granulomas with caseating necrosis in lymph nodes, spleen
124
Treatment of Tularemia
Streptomycin (aminoglycoside)
125
Reservoir of Pasteurella multocida
Dog and cat Transmission by bites
126
Clinical manifestation of pasteurella
Cellulitis at bite site Osteomyelitis Lymphadenopathy
127
Features of pasteurella
Catalase positive Oxidase positive Capsulated
128
Culture media for pasteurella
5% Sheep Blood Agar
129
Morphology of pasteurella
Bipolar staining, safety pin like
130
Treatment of pasteurella
Penicillin | Usually coamoxiclav

PLE Microbiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions