Proteins Flashcards
1
Q
monomer of a protein
A
amino acid
2
Q
roles of proteins
A
- structural
- catalytic
- signalling
- immunoogical
3
Q
what do amino acids consist of
A
- carbolxyic group
- amine group
- R group
4
Q
how are dipeptides formed
A
- thorough a condensation reaction that results in a peptide bond
5
Q
how many amino acids are there
A
20
6
Q
what is a polypeptide chain
A
a chain of amino acids joined by a peptide bond
7
Q
what four levels of protein structure exist
A
primary
secondary
tertiarty
quaternary
8
Q
Primary structre
A
- a specific sequence of amino acids forming a polypeptide chain
- is linear
- peptide bonding
9
Q
Secondary structure
A
- polypeptide chains folds to form ALPHA HELIX and BETA BLEATED SHEET
- hydrogen bonding
10
Q
Tertiary structure
A
Qu- alpha helix or beta pleated sheet fold to form compact globule’s (3D form)
- enzymes
- hydrogen, ionic, disulphid bonding between the sulphur and the R group
- hydrophobic and hydrophillic interations
11
Q
Quarternary structure
A
- 2 or more proteins in tertiary structure bonded together
- e.g. hemoglobin, insulin, collagen, DNA polymerase
- hydrogen bonds
- ionic bonds
- disulphide bonds
- hydrophobic and hydrophyillic interactions
12
Q
what is the amino acid sequence coded by
A
gene sequence
13
Q
fibrous proteins
A
- protein in an elgonated shape
- secondary structure
- structural function
- insoluble in water
- less sensitive to changes
- example: collagen, actin, silk, keratin, etc.
14
Q
globular protein
A
- tertaiaty structure
- enzymatic function
- rounded/spherical
- soluble in water
- senstive to change
e. g. catalase, haemoglobin, insulin, DNA polymerase
15
Q
what is the proteome
A
- each individual has a unique proteome
all of the proteins produced by a cell, tissue or organ - are not fixed as different cells make different proteins
