Lipids Flashcards
functions of lipids
- long term storage of energy
- used as heat insulators
- can act as shock absorbers
three main types
- trigycerides (fats and oils)
- phospholipid (components of the cell membrane)
- steroids (chloestrol, progesterone, estrogen, testoerone)
what are triglycerides composed of
fatty acids and glycerol
properties of lipids
- less dense than water(;let animals float)
- non polar
What is a saturated fatty acid
ANIMAL SOURCES AND FATS
- if the bond between the carbon atoms are all single (contain as much hydrogen as possible)
- straight molecule
what is an unsaturated fatty acid
- if the fatty acid contains one or more double bonds
- contains less hydrogen than it could
PLANT AND OILS SOURCES - a kinky molecule
types of unsaturated
- monounsaturated= single double bond
- polyunsaturated= more than one double bond
what are cis-unsaturated fatty acids
when the hydrogen atoms are on the same side with respect to the double bond
what are trans-unsaturated fatty acids
WHEN THE HYDROGEN ATOMS ARE ON OPPOSITE SIDES WITH RESPECT TO A DOUBLE BOND
properties of cis unsaturated fatty acids
- liquid at room temperature
- cannot line up next to each other
- are slippery; WONT clog arteries
properties of trans unsaturated fatty acids
- modification of natural, health oils
- hydrogenation
- similar to saturated; liquid turned solid
- will clog arteries
what is hydrogenation
when bonds are removed by adding hydrogen atoms
triglycerides
- tri= 3 fat acid chains
- glyceride= glyercol molecule
how are triglycerides formed
- through a condensation reaction between a glycerol and three fatty acid chains which result in an ESTER bond
give scientific evidence of the health risks for trans fats and saturated fatty acids
- coronary heart disease= when the arteries become blocked due to fatty deposits
- high intake of transfers by patients
- found in patients with more cis unsaturated fatty acids
