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MTAP 2 > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Not readily demonstrated or visible in typical serum electrophoresis

A

Prealbumin (Transthyretin)

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2
Q

Found between the anode and albumin region

A

Prealbumin (Transthyretin)

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3
Q

Indicator of nutrition

A

Prealbumin (Transthyretin)

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4
Q

Binds thyroid hormones (T3, T4)

A

Prealbumin (Transthyretin)

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5
Q

Binds retinol-binding protein (Vit A)

A

Prealbumin (Transthyretin)

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6
Q

Binds bilirubin, steroids, fatty acids

A

Albumin

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7
Q

Major contributor to oncotic pressure

A

Albumin

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8
Q

Highest concentration in the plasma or serum

A

Albumin

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9
Q

Most abundant, Smallest and fastest migration

A

Albumin

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10
Q

Highest peak in electrophoresis

A

Albumin

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11
Q

Predominant protein present in the diet

A

Albumin

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12
Q

↓plasma volume ↑concentration

A

Albumin

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13
Q

α1-Globulin proteins

A

α1 - Antitrypsin
α1 - Fetoprotein
α1 - acid glycoprotein
α1 - Lipoprotein
α1 - Antichymotrypsin
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor
Gc-globulin
Gc: group specific component

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14
Q

Protease inhibitor

A

α1 - Antitrypsin
α2-Macroglobulin

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15
Q

Principal fetal protein

A

a1-fetoprotein

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16
Q

a1-fetoprotein is INCREASED in:

A

spina bifida
neural tube defects
fetal distress

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17
Q

a1-fetoprotein is DECREASED in:

A

Down syndrome
Trisomy 18

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18
Q

In adults, used as tumor marker (malignancy hepatoma)
- Hepatocellular conditions in adults

A

a1-fetoprotein

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19
Q

Transport lipids from the tissues (HDL)

A

a1-lipoprotein

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20
Q

Inhibits serine proteinases

A

a1-antichymotrypsin
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor

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21
Q

Transports Vitamin D and binds actin
- Vit. D is a cholecalciferol

A

Gc-globulin
Gc: group specific component

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22
Q

α2-Globulin proteins

A

Haptoglobin
Ceruloplasmin
α2 - Macroglobulin

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23
Q

Binds with free hemoglobin
- Hb released from RBC during hemolytic conditions (intravascular)

A

Haptoglobins

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24
Q

Decreased ceruloplasmin is seen in these conditions

A

Wilson’s dse
Menkes syn. (kinkey hair dse.)
Kayser Fleisher rings in cornea

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25
Q

β-Globulin proteins

A

Pre-β-lipoprotein (VLDL)
Transferrin
Hemopexin
β-Lipoprotein (LDL)
β2-Microglobulin
C4, C3, C1q complement
Fibrinogen
CRP

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26
Q

Transports lipids (endogenous tgl in the liver) (VLDL triglyceride)

A

Pre-β-lipoprotein (VLDL)

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27
Q

Found between the α2 and β region

A

Pre-β-lipoprotein (VLDL)

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28
Q

Transport Iron (bone marrow or liver)

A

Transferrin

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29
Q

Transferrin
Inc:
Dec:

A

↑ IDA: Decreased iron in the circulation

↓ Hemochromatosis: Excess iron in the circulation

30
Q

Binds heme

A

Hemopexin

31
Q

Transports lipids (dietary) (LDL cholesterol)

A

β-Lipoprotein (LDL)

32
Q

Component of HLA molecules (Human Leukocyte Antigen)

A

β2-Microglobulin

33
Q

Immune response
• Named as Complement because their presence would enhance the
activity of antibodies in eliminating pathogens

A

C4, C3, C1q complement

34
Q

Precursor of fibrin clot
Factor I
Found in β region

A

Fibrinogen

35
Q

Motivates phagocytosis in inflammation
- Promotes migration of WBCs to the site of inflammation

A

CRP

36
Q

First to increase during acute inflammation

A

CRP

37
Q

Present in the B region when subjected to electrophoresis

A

CRP

38
Q

produced in the liver by plasma cells) (nearest the cathode; farthest the anode)
found in the gamma region when subjected to electrophoresis (negative charge)

A

γ-Gamma-Globulins

39
Q

Antibodies predominantly found in the serum of healthy individuals

A

IgG

40
Q

Predominant in the Secondary or the memory or the anamnestic response

A

IgG

41
Q

Smallest Ab

A

IgG

42
Q

Only antibody that can cross the placenta

A

IgG

43
Q

Can provide neonatal immunity

A

IgG

44
Q

Antibodies in the secretion
Can provide mucosal immunity

A

IgA

45
Q

Also present in the colostrum (breastmilk) along with IgG

A

IgA

46
Q

Antibodies in early response

A

IgM

47
Q

Predominant antibody in primary immune response

A

IgM

48
Q

Biggest Ab

A

IgM

49
Q

Antibodies (reagen, allergy)

A

IgE

50
Q

Increased in parasitic infection (helminthic)

A

IgE

51
Q

Reaginic Ab

A

IgE

52
Q

Surface antibody
• Not yet fully established in terms of the function

A

IgD

53
Q

Oxygen carrier in muscles

A

Myoglobin

54
Q

Cardiac Marker (AMI)
• Earliest to increase in case of acute MI

A

Myoglobin

55
Q

↑ 2-3 hours of onset, peak at 8-12 hours of MI

A

Myoglobin

56
Q

↑ in crushing injury and muscle dystrophy

A

Myoglobin

57
Q

Cardiac marker for acute coronary syndrome

A

Troponin

58
Q

Neurohormones that affect body fluid homeostasis and blood pressure

A

BNP

59
Q

Marker for congestive heart failure

A

BNP

60
Q

• Cellular interaction (e.g. cell adhesion)
• Adherence of the placenta to the uterus
▪ ↑ - Preterm labor and delivery

A

Fibronectin

61
Q

Proteolytic fragment of collagen

A

Cross-Linked
C-Telopeptides

62
Q

Biochemical marker of bone resorption (destruction)

A

Cross-Linked
C-Telopeptides

63
Q

Synonym: Prostaglandin D synthase

A

β-Trace Protein

64
Q

Marker for CSF leakage (e.g. head injuries)

A

β-Trace Protein

65
Q

↑ Damage in blood brain barrier

A

β-Trace Protein

66
Q

Cysteine proteinase inhibitor

A

Cystatin C

67
Q

Serum marker for glomerular filtration rate (kidney function., for DM px)

A

Cystatin C

68
Q

Fibrous protein aggregates formed from alteration of β pleated sheaths

A

Amyloid

69
Q

Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer

A

Amyloid

70
Q

Low Aβ42 with high Tau proteins

A

Amyloid

71
Q

Acute phase reactants

A

a1-antitrypsin
a1-acid glycoprotein
haptoglobins
ceruloplasmin
hemopexin
CRP

MTAP 2 (23 decks)

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