PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS Flashcards
Doxycycline, Minocycline
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
A
T/ F
dairy products, calcium, magnesium, & aluminum compounds, or sodium bicarbonate (antacid) impair tetracycline absorption
T
cross the placental barrier [2]
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
TETRACYCLINES, AMINOGLYCOSIDES
localized aggressive periodontitis (A. actinomycetemcomitans
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
A
inhibits clearance of Warfarin (anticoagulation must be monitored)
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
B
Tigecycline
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
B
Tobramycin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
C
synergize with beta-lactam antibiotics
USES
→ tularemia
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
B
ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
C
Erythromycin, Clarithryomycin, Azithromycin, Telithromycin
A. TETRACYCLINES
B. GLYCYLCYCLINES
C. AMINOGLYCOSIDES
D. MACROLIDES
D
drug of choice for urogenital infections due to Chlamydia occurring during pregnancy
A. Erythromycin,
B. Clarithryomycin
C. Azithromycin
D. Telithromycin
A
can penetrate the cell wall
→ effective against oral spirochetes &
pigmented anaerobes
A. Erythromycin,
B. Clarithryomycin
C. Azithromycin
D. Telithromycin
C
preferred treatment in patients with urethritis due to C. trachomatis
A. Erythromycin,
B. Clarithryomycin
C. Azithromycin
D. Telithromycinj
C
against bacteria responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infection
A. Erythromycin,
B. Clarithryomycin
C. Azithromycin
D. Telithromycinj
D
used with caution in patients with renal insufficiency
Telithromycin
use is restricted to life-threatening infections for which no alternative exists
CHLORAMPHENICOL
excellent activity against anaerobe
CHLORAMPHENICOL
gray baby syndrome
A. CHLORAMPHENICOL
B. CLINDAMYCIN
C. QUINUPRISTIN OR DALFOPRISTIN
D. LINEZOLID
A
primarily in the treatment of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis, non-enterococcal Gram (+) cocci
A. CHLORAMPHENICOL
B. CLINDAMYCIN
C. QUINUPRISTIN OR DALFOPRISTIN
D. LINEZOLID
B
ADVERSE EFFECTS
→ most serious is pseudomembranous colitis (overgrowth of C. difficile) which elaborates necrotizing toxins (treatment by Metronidazole or Vancomycin)
A. CHLORAMPHENICOL
B. CLINDAMYCIN
C. QUINUPRISTIN OR DALFOPRISTIN
D. LINEZOLID
reserved for the treatment of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium
A. CHLORAMPHENICOL
B. CLINDAMYCIN
C. QUINUPRISTIN OR DALFOPRISTIN
D. LINEZOLID
C
bactericidal against Strep. and C. perfringens
A. CHLORAMPHENICOL
B. CLINDAMYCIN
C. QUINUPRISTIN OR DALFOPRISTIN
D. LINEZOLID
D
effective in treatment of gonorrhea but not syphilis
FLUOROQUINOLONES
exhibit concentration-dependent bacterial killing
FLUOROQUINOLONES
drug of choice against anthrax
A. Ciprofloxacin
B. Norfloxacin
C. Levofloxacin
D. Moxifloxacin
A
→ effective against both Gram (+) & Gram (-)
→ uncomplicated & complicated UTI, prostatitis
A. Ciprofloxacin
B. Norfloxacin
C. Levofloxacin
D. Moxifloxacin
B
phototoxicity
FLUOROQUINOLONES
CONTRAINDICATIONS
→ avoided in pregnant women, nursing mothers and children < 18 years old because in children it can cause articular cartilage erosion
FLUOROQUINOLONES
→ bound to serum albumin
SULFONAMIDES
ADVERSE EFFECTS
→ crystalluria
o risk of stone formation
→ hypersensitivity
o Stevens-Johnson syndrome
SULFONAMIDES
20-50 fold more potent than sulfonamide
TRIMETHOPRIM
narrow-spectrum
NITROFURANTOIN
