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Biology topic 1 - biological molecules > protein synthesis > Flashcards

protein synthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

where does transcription occur

A

nucleus

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2
Q

where can you learn about transcription

A

blue book

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3
Q

where can you learn about translation

A

blue book

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4
Q

describe the parts of a tRNA molecule

A

amino acid
amino acid bonding site
anticodon
clover shape

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5
Q

what happens to introns before polypeptide chain formed

A

introns spliced out of the first copy of mRNA

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6
Q

what are introns

A

non coding parts of a gene

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7
Q

what are exons

A

sections that are all coding

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8
Q

what is pre-mRNA

A

code that still contains introns and hasn’t been spliced yet
original full code

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9
Q

what is a genome

A

all the genes in a cell

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10
Q

what is the universal code

A

same amino aids code for the same codons in every cell on earth

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10
Q

what is a proteome

A

all the proteins in an organism

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11
Q

what is a degenerate code

A

code has multiple codes with the sae meaning
(multiple codons code for eh same amino acid)

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12
Q

is code overlapping

A

no its non-overlapping

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13
Q

what is a mutation

A

random, rare change in code

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14
Q

what are the 4 types of mutations

A

substitution
addition
deletion
inversion

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15
Q

what happens in an addition mutation

A

single base is substituted for another
can be neutral as degenerate or can change tertiary structure of protein made

16
Q

what happens in an inversion mutation

A

2 bases swap around
not often significant

17
Q

what occurs in frame shift in addition and deletion mutations frame shift

A

whole code moves along
changing all triplets after the mutation
almost always resulting in a non-functioning protein

17
Q

what happens in an addition mutation

A

another base is added in
causes

18
Q

what happens in deletion mutations

A

deletion mutation
causes frame shift

19
Q

what is a non-disjunction

A

a chromosomal mutation that leads to an uneven number of chromosomes in daughter cells

Biology topic 1 - biological molecules (12 decks)

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