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Biology topic 1 - biological molecules > carbohydrates > Flashcards

carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

what type of carb is starch

A

storage carb

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2
Q

what type of carb is cellulose

A

structural carb

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3
Q

what type of carb is glycogen

A

storage carb

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4
Q

where is starch mainly found

A

seeds and storage organs

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5
Q

how is amylose formed and what is it

A

1-4 glycosidic bonds
straight chain
coil

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6
Q

how is amylopectin formed and what is it

A

1-6 glycosidic bonds
branched

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7
Q

what is starch made of

A

long chains of alpha glucose

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8
Q

4 features of starch

A

insoluble
compact
spiral shape
branches

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9
Q

how does glycogen compare to starch

A

more branches, more compact + smaller chains

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10
Q

where is glycogen stored

A

muscles and liver cells

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11
Q

functions of glycogen

A

energy storage

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12
Q

what is cellulose

A

long unbranched chains of beta glucose (every other molecule inverted)

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13
Q

how is microfibril formed

A

parallel chains of cellulose tied together by hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

how is macrofibril formed

A

many microfibril = cellulose fibre

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15
Q

why don’t polysaccharides affect water potential

A

all have large, insoluble structures

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16
Q

what organisms is starch found in

A

mainly plants

17
Q

what organisms is glycogen found in

A

animals
fungi
bacteria

18
Q

where is cellulose found

A

plant cell walls

19
Q

which polysaccharides are monomers of a glucose

A

starch and glycogen

20
Q

which polysaccharides are monomers of b glucose

A

cellulose

21
Q

which polysaccharides provide glucose for respiration

A

starch and glycogen

22
Q

which polysaccharides provide strength

A

cellulose

23
Q

which polysaccharides are insoluble

A

all

24
Q

which polysaccharides are compact

A

starch and glycogen

25
Q

which polysaccharides are long straight unbranched chains

A

cellulose

26
Q

which polysaccharides are large and cant cross the cell membrane and diffuse

A

starch and glycogen

27
Q

define polysaccharides

A

long chains of monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic bonds

28
Q

what substances is starch made of 2

A

amylose
amylopectin

29
Q

how often is there a branch in glycogen

A

every 4 glucose moleules

30
Q

test for starch

A

iodine
orange to blue black

Biology topic 1 - biological molecules (6 decks)

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