carbohydrates Flashcards
what type of carb is starch
storage carb
what type of carb is cellulose
structural carb
what type of carb is glycogen
storage carb
where is starch mainly found
seeds and storage organs
how is amylose formed and what is it
1-4 glycosidic bonds
straight chain
coil
how is amylopectin formed and what is it
1-6 glycosidic bonds
branched
what is starch made of
long chains of alpha glucose
4 features of starch
insoluble
compact
spiral shape
branches
how does glycogen compare to starch
more branches, more compact + smaller chains
where is glycogen stored
muscles and liver cells
functions of glycogen
energy storage
what is cellulose
long unbranched chains of beta glucose (every other molecule inverted)
how is microfibril formed
parallel chains of cellulose tied together by hydrogen bonds
how is macrofibril formed
many microfibril = cellulose fibre
why don’t polysaccharides affect water potential
all have large, insoluble structures
what organisms is starch found in
mainly plants
what organisms is glycogen found in
animals
fungi
bacteria
where is cellulose found
plant cell walls
which polysaccharides are monomers of a glucose
starch and glycogen
which polysaccharides are monomers of b glucose
cellulose
which polysaccharides provide glucose for respiration
starch and glycogen
which polysaccharides provide strength
cellulose
which polysaccharides are insoluble
all
which polysaccharides are compact
starch and glycogen
which polysaccharides are long straight unbranched chains
cellulose
which polysaccharides are large and cant cross the cell membrane and diffuse
starch and glycogen
define polysaccharides
long chains of monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic bonds
what substances is starch made of 2
amylose
amylopectin
how often is there a branch in glycogen
every 4 glucose moleules
test for starch
iodine
orange to blue black
