carbohydrates Flashcards
what type of carb is starch
storage carb
what type of carb is cellulose
structural carb
what type of carb is glycogen
storage carb
where is starch mainly found
seeds and storage organs
how is amylose formed and what is it
1-4 glycosidic bonds
straight chain
coil
how is amylopectin formed and what is it
1-6 glycosidic bonds
branched
what is starch made of
long chains of alpha glucose
4 features of starch
insoluble
compact
spiral shape
branches
how does glycogen compare to starch
more branches, more compact + smaller chains
where is glycogen stored
muscles and liver cells
functions of glycogen
energy storage
what is cellulose
long unbranched chains of beta glucose (every other molecule inverted)
how is microfibril formed
parallel chains of cellulose tied together by hydrogen bonds
how is macrofibril formed
many microfibril = cellulose fibre
why don’t polysaccharides affect water potential
all have large, insoluble structures