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Biology Module 2 > protein examples > Flashcards

protein examples Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of Haemoglobin?

A
  • Imparts the red colour of the blood
  • Helps to carry the oxygen and other gases assisting the respiratory system
  • It buffers the blood pH and maintains it to tolerable limits
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2
Q

What is the structure of Haemoglobin?

A

Made from 4 polypeptides, 2 alpha and 2 beta subunits.

Each subunit contains a prosthetic haem group- the iron (ii) ions present in the heads groups are each able to combine reversibility with an oxygen molecule.

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3
Q

Is Haemoglobin fibrous or globular?

A

Globular

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4
Q

What is the function of Insulin?

A

Involved in the regulation of blood glucose concentration

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5
Q

What are the properties of Insulin?

A
  • needs to be soluble to be able to be transported in the blood stream
  • it is a hormone
  • they have to be a precise shape to fit into specific receptors on cell-surface membranes
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6
Q

What is the structure of Insulin?

A

2 peptide chains (A and B) joined together by 2 disulfide bonds. There is also a disulfide bond within peptide chain A.

A = 21 amino acids
B = 30 amino acids
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7
Q

Is Insulin globular or fibrous?

A

Globular

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8
Q

What is the function of Collagen?

A

Gives the skin strength and integrity

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9
Q

What are the properties of Collagen?

A

Collagen is a hard, insoluble, and fibrous protein that makes up one-third of the protein in the human body. In most collagens, the molecules are packed together to form long, thin fibrils. These act as supporting structures and anchor cells to each other. They give the skin strength and elasticity.

FLEXIBLE

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10
Q

What is the structure of Collagen?

A

Found in skin, tendons, ligaments and the nervous system.

Made up of 3 polypeptides wound together in a strong rope like structure

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11
Q

Is Collagen fibrous or globular?

A

Fibrous

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12
Q

What is the function of Keratin?

A

Alpha keratin is a type of protein that we can find in mammals. This protein occurs in hair, horns, nails and the epidermal layer of skin. Alpha Keratin contains amino acids.
Beta keratin is a structural protein that occurs mainly in the epidermis of reptiles - can add much more rigidity to the skin of the reptiles

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13
Q

What are the properties of Keratin?

A

Disulphides bridges between sulfur containing R groups allow it to for, strong, inflexible and insoluble material. The amount of disulphides bridges determines its flexibility. For example as hair has fewer disulphide bonds than nails, making it more flexible than them. When hair is burned it is smelly due to the amount of sulfur in these proteins

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14
Q

What is the structure of Keratin?

A

Contains a large amount of the Sulfur-onainingtaining amino acid called Cysteine. Because of this, it results in a lot of disulphides bridges.

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15
Q

Is Keratin globular or fibrous?

A

Fibrous

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16
Q

What is the function of Elastin?

A

It confers strength and elasticity to the skin and other tissues and organs in the body

17
Q

What are the properties of Elastin?

A

Very large insoluble structures

Elastinis a key extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that provides resilience and elasticity to tissues and organs. Elastin is roughly 1000 times more flexible than collagens; thus, the main function of elastin is the elasticity of tissues. It is the dominant protein in extensible tissues and is primarily present in the lungs, aorta, and skin

18
Q

What is the structure of Elastin?

A

Quaternary protein
Made up of stretchy molecules called tropoelastin

Resent in wall of blood vessels and can expand ( due to the presence of tropoelastin

Large insoluble stable cords linked structures

19
Q

Is Elastin fibrous or globular?

A

Fibrous

20
Q

What is the function of Catalase?

A

Interacts with hydrogen peroxide and speeds up its breakdown. Hydrogen peroxide is a common byproduct of metabolism and is damaging to cells if allowed to accumulate. Catalase ensures this doesn’t happen.

21
Q

What are the properties of Catalase?

A

Contains 4 haem prosthetic groups, containing Fe ions aiding breakdown of H2O2.(specific to this reaction)

22
Q

What is the structure of Catalase?

A

Quaternary protein that is made up of 4 peptide chains, each over 500 amino acids long

23
Q

Is Catalase globular or fibrous?

A

Globular

Biology Module 2 (30 decks)

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