Protein Flashcards
It is a large biological molecule
made of many amino acids linked together
through amide (peptide) bonds.
Proteins
the second most abundant substances in nearly all cells (15% of cell’s overall mass)
Proteins
4 elements in protein
element of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen
how many amino acid residue are at least present in a protein
40 amino acids
how many amino acid residues are common in protein
400-500
how many small proteins contains?
40-100 amino acid residue
a protein in which only one
peptide chain is present
monomeric protein
a protein in which more than
one peptide chain is present
(insulin)
multimeric protein
protein subunits are ___
peptide chains present in
multimeric proteins
two types of protein chem comopistion
simple and conjugated protein
it is a protein that has one or
more non-amino-acid entities
present
conjugated protein
is a protein in which only
amino acid residues are
present
simple protein
a non-amino-acid group present in a
conjugated protein is called
prosthetic group
the sequence in which its amino
acids are lined up and connected by peptide bonds
Primary Protein Structure
(also called N-terminal amino acid, the one with the free -NH3+) on the LEFT
amino-terminal amino acid
(also called the C-terminal amino acid, the
one with the free -COO-) on the RIGHT
carboxyl-terminal amino acid group
true or false
So crucial is primary structure to function—no matter how big the
protein—that the change of only one amino acid can sometimes drastically alter a protein’s biological properties.
true
a hereditary disease caused by a genetic
difference that replaces one amino acid
(glutamate, Glu) with another (valine, Val) in
each of two polypeptide chains of the hemoglobin
molecule
Sickled-cell Anemia
Regular and repeating structural
patterns of alpha helix or beta sheet
created by hydrogen bonding between
backbone atoms in neighboring
segments of protein chains.
Secondary Protein Structure
a protein chain forms a
right-handed coil stabilized by
hydrogen bonds between peptide
groups along its backbone.
alpha-helix (α-helix)
Secondary protein structure in which
adjacent protein chains either in the
same molecule or in different
molecules are held together by
hydrogen bonds along the
backbones, forming a flat sheet-like
structure.
beta-sheet (β-sheet)
Secondary protein structure in which
adjacent protein chains either in the
same molecule or in different
molecules are held together by
hydrogen bonds along the
backbones, forming a flat sheet-like
structure.
beta-sheet (β-sheet)
what is unstructured segments?
portions of a protein that have neither
alpha helix nor beta pleated sheet
structure
The way in which an entire
protein chain is coiled and
folded into its specific three-
dimensional shape.
Tertiary protein structure
