Prologue

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

Founded by Wundt and Titchener, focused on structures of the mind. Discovered atom as unit of matter. Used self reflection and introspection.

Question 2

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 2

Father of psychology, created structuralism. Created first lab in studying reaction time.

Question 3

Functionalism

Answer 3

Founded by William James and influenced by Darwin. Studied the evolutionary significance of functions of the mind. Determined that behaviors that work get kept and become habits, behaviors that don’t work become abandoned

Question 4

William James

Answer 4

Established psychology as a field in education, founded functionalism

Question 5

Psychoanalysis

Answer 5

Founded by Sigmund Freud, said that there is an unconscious mind that we are not aware of- our past affects our present personality.

Question 6

Sigmund Freud

Answer 6

Worked with the unconscious mind, did dream analysis/hypnosis, free association founded psychoanalysis, father of psychotherapy

Question 7

Behaviorism

Answer 7

Created by Watson and Skinner. View that psychology is an objective science based on observable behaviors.

Question 8

Humanistic psychology

Answer 8

Based on Maslow and Rogers, emphasized influences on growth potential/our need for love and acceptance- environment impacts wellbeing. Stresses free will (in reponse to psycholanalysis and behaviorism, which said our mind was the result of our past/biology)

Question 9

Cognitive psychology

Answer 9

How we think, problem solve, and store information- mind processes

Question 10

Psychometric psychology

Answer 10

Design and evaluate tests of mental abilities, aptitudes, interests, and personality- using stats and measurement tools to study behavior

Question 11

Positive psychology

Answer 11

Studies wellness and focus on protective behaviors

Question 12

Cognitive neuroscience/biological psych

Answer 12

Biologically predetermined behaviors that are controlled in the brain- how the physical brain functions to control the mind

Question 13

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 13

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

Question 14

Social psychology

Answer 14

the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 15

Social-cultural psych

Answer 15

How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

Question 16

Developmental psych

Answer 16

How our minds change as we age (womb to tomb)

Question 17

Industrial/organizational psych

Answer 17

Examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change to optimize productivity and employee welfare

Question 18

Counseling

Answer 18

Help people cope with challenges (minor issues)

Question 19

Clinical

Answer 19

Studies, assess, and treats psychological disorders

Question 20

Psychiatry

Answer 20

Provide medial treatment for psychological disorders

Question 21

Personality psychology

Answer 21

Studies persistent personality traits

Question 22

Basic research

Answer 22

Aims to increase knowledge of science

Question 23

Applied research

Answer 23

Seeks to solve specific problems

Question 24

Biopsychosocial approach to psych

Answer 24

Bio: genetics, natural selection, mutations
Psycho: learned fears, emotional responses, cognitive processing
Social: presence of others, expectations, influences, models