Consciousness Flashcards
dual processing
when your mind thinks on both a conscious and unconscious level- double road
parallel processing
subconscious info processing occurs simultaneously on multiple parallel tracks
serial processing
conscious processing takes place in sequence
selective attention
your mind can only focus on one thing at a time and process limited information input, tunes out everything unimportant
inattentional blindness
missing surrounding environment because we are solely focused on one stimuli
cocktail party effect
type of selective attention
everyone at a gathering is talking, but you only pay attention to the one person you’re talking to
change blindness
form of inattentional blindness
failing to notice changes in environment b/c you don’t expect them to occur
choice blindness
form of inattentional blindness
failing to notice choices have changed, people don’t actually know their preference
pop-out phenomenon
form of selective attention
when a strikingly distinct stimulus draws our attention and we only pay attention to that
alpha waves
slow waves of a relaxed, awake brain
beta waves
wide awake waves- excited
theta waves
early, light sleep
delta waves
large, slow waves of deep sleep
stage 1 of sleep
alpha waves
easily woken
brief hallucinations (falling sensation)
stage 2 of sleep
theta waves
sleep spindles (bursts of rapid brain waves) begin
sleep talking
stage 3 of sleep
transitional, waves slow down (sometimes combined w/ 4)
stage 4 of sleep
delta waves/deep sleep
growth hormone
sleep walking
wake feeling rested
REM sleep
dream state
wake feeling rejuvinated
more sleep=more rem
why is REM sleep considered “paradoxical sleep”?
Because muscles are generally relaxed/the body does not move (brain stem blocks messages from motor cortex), but heart rate, breathing, and brain waves increase in intensity, and eyes dart around.
insomnia
inability to fall/stay asleep
cause: stress
treatments: sleeping pills, exercise, avoiding caffiene
narcolepsy
periodic, overwhelming sleepiness
cause: genetic
treatment: none, drugs sometimes
sleep apnea
periods of stopped breathing during sleep
cause: obesity
treatment: physical pump to keep airways open
night terrors
episodes of walking, talking, increased heart rate/breathing, terror
cause: none, random
treatment: growing older
Occursduring stage 4
Freud’s Wish Fulfillment
a dream theory that suggests dreams represent inner conflicts, otherwise unacceptable feelings, remembered content, and hidden meanings
Information Processing
a dream theory that says dreams help sift, sort, and fix the day’s experience in our memory and consolidate memories.
Activation Synthesis
a dream theory in which REM sleep triggers neural activity and evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brains weave into stories
hypnosis
a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
social phenomena
theory that suggests hypnosis reflects the workings of the normal consciousness and the power of social influence. subjects feel and behave in ways that are appropriate for someone in hypnosis
divided consciousness
a theory that suggests that hypnosis splits the consciousness (similar to every day mind splits), causing a disassociation between awareness and subconsciousness
withdrawal
distress from stopping drug use
physical dependence
physiological need for drug, withdrawal symptoms without
psychological dependence
emotional attachment/relief/positive association with drug
tolerance
drug’s effects diminish with continuous use, require higher dose
addiction
compulsive cravings/use despite consequences
alcohol
depressant; relaxes drinker, slows brain, reduces self awareness
barbiturates
depressant; induce sleep, reduce anxiety, impaired memory
opiates (morphine+heroin)
depressant; pleasure replaces pain/anxiety, disrupts endorphin production
methamphetamine
stimulant; heightened energy/euphoria, enhance mood, disrupts dopamine baseline
caffiene
stimulant; increased energy, impairs sleep
nicotine
stimulant; peer pressure, insomnia, irritability
cocaine
stimulant; rush of euphoria, cardiac arrest, respiratory failure
ecstasy (MDMA)
stimulant+ hallucinogen; dopamine+serotonin floods, emotional elevation
LSD
hallucinogen; euphoria+ hallucinations, panic, loss of oxygen
marijuana
hallucinogen; enhanced sensation, relief of pain, distortion of time, relaxation
manifest vs latent content
manifest content = actual literal subject matter of the dream
latent content = underlying meaning of the symbols
sleep cycles
every 90 minutes, we cycle through the four sleep stages: 1-2-3-2-1-REM, then restart
somnambulism
sleep walking
