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AS Biology > Prokaryotic Cells and Viruses > Flashcards

Prokaryotic Cells and Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

Structures of prokaryotes

A 
Pilli
Ribosomes
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Nucleotide
DNA
Capsule
Flagellum
Mesosome
Plasmid
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2
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Nucleus

A

P, Nucleus in nucleoid

E, Double membrane nucleus

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3
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

DNA and proteins

A

P, DNA not associated with proteins

E, DNA associated with his tones, allow DNA condensation, form chromatin

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4
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

DNA storage

A

P, Circular genetic material

E, In many chromosomes

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5
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Plasmids

A

P, yes

E, no

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6
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Membrane bound organelles

A

P, no, mesosome gives LSA for enzymes involved in respiration
E, yes

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7
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Chloroplasts

A

P, no chloroplasts, bacterial chlorophyll in cell surface membrane
E, chloroplasts and mitochondria

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8
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Ribosomes

A

P, 70s

E, 80s

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9
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Cell wall

A

P, Murein cell wall, glycoproteins

E, if present, cellulose, chitin

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10
Q

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Capsule

A

P, can have outer mucilaginous capsule

E, no

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11
Q

Cell wall

A

Murein meshwork, give support

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12
Q

Capsule

A

Slime, protein, stops cell drying out

Sticks cells together, protect cell against digestive enzymes

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13
Q

Cell surface membrane

A

Main boundary between inside of cell and environment

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14
Q

Circular DNA

A

Genetic material

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15
Q

Plasmid

A

Separate tiny DNA circles, carry only a few genes which occur throughout cytoplasm

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16
Q

Ribosome

A

70s, site of protein synthesis, not attached to any membranes

17
Q

Mesosome

A

In folding of cell membrane, provides LSA for attachment of enzymes involved in respiration

18
Q

Bacteria

A

0.1-10um
Murein cell wall, polymer of poly sac, peptide
Protection of mucilaginous slime capsule around wall
Food stored as glycogen granules, oil droplets
Circular DNA
Smaller plasmids present, may carry advantageous genes

19
Q

Viruses

A 
Acellular, non living
20-300nm
Nucleic acids, DNA RNA
Multiply inside host cells
Nucleic acid inside capsid, protein coat
Lipid envelope, capsid have attachment proteins, essential to allow virus to identify, attach to host cell

AS Biology (29 decks)

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