Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

Elemental composition of lipids

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

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2
Q

Examples of lipids

A

Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, waxes

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3
Q

Are lipids polymers?

A

Not made from monomers

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4
Q

Properties of lipids

A

Insoluble in water

Soluble in organic solvents

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5
Q

Role of lipids

A

Energy source when oxidised, provides 2x the energy as same mass of carbohydrates
Waterproof plants and animals, waxy cuticles conserve water, oils secreted from sebaceous glands
Slow conductors of heat
Stored around delicate organs

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6
Q

Formation of triglycerides

A

Condensation reaction between 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids, water released
Ester bonds formed
Fatty acid formed from hydrocarbon chain and carboxyl
Glycerol made from hydroxyl groups

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7
Q

Triglyceride variations

A

No double bonds=saturated
1 double bond=unsaturated
2 double bond=polyunsaturated

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8
Q

Structure and properties of fats

A

Saturated triglycerides
Solid at room temp
Sit next to each other tightly

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9
Q

Structure and properties of oils

A

Unsaturated triglycerides

Double bonds introduces kink in fatty acid structure, molecule cannot sit tightly together

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10
Q

Phospholipid structure

A

1 fatty acid replaced by phosphate group
Polar molecule, phosphate is charged
Phosphate, hydrophilic head
Fatty acid, hydrophobic tail

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11
Q

Lipid test

Emulsion test

A

Add ethanol to dissolve lipid sample

Add water to see white suspension of fat globules

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