principles of prevention Flashcards
basic prevention
policies and actions to eliminate disease or minimize its effect
reduce presurosos and risk factors, retard progress
reduces burden and cost of illness
barriers to prevention
current medical model(dream when ill) limited resources(4% currently allocated) how to measure prevented events fees can deter preventative incentive not politically attractive
support for prevention
potential cost benefit
political will and increased awareness of health benefits
what do you need to know for prevention
the cause
how its spread
who’s at risk
primordial prevention
eliminate the exposure to risk factors or prevent risk factor development (before its happened)
primary prevention
prevent disease by modifying present risk factors
health promotion(improvement)
education
environmental modification
lifestyle changes
health protection
immunisation
food safety
hazard and disease control
tertiary prevention
reduce impact of complications and progression of established disease
quaternary prevention
identify patients at risk of overmedication
high risk approach and advantages
intervene with established high risk individuals
high motivation
clear risk vs benefit
cost effective
high risk disadvantages
where is the threshold and what to do with borderline individuals
can introduce stigma
paradox- common things are common doesn’t actually tackle the majority of the problem
population approach and advantages
control underlying determinants of disease to favourably shift the distribution
large potential benefits
can lead ti grid behavioural changes and development of social norms
population disadvantages
poor motivation, small benefit can be outweighed by small risk
prevention paradox
large community benefits doesn’t really effect individuals and on the flip side tackling small proportion of at risk individuals has little effect on the population on the whole as doesn’t help the majority of those effected
