Primer 30 - T Cells Flashcards
What does Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) do?
Stimulates macrophages.
What does IL-10 do?
Inhibits T cells and macrophages.
What do IL-4 and IL-5 do?
They stimulate B cells.
Where are T cells made and where do they differentiate?
They are manufactured in the bone marrow and they migrate to the thymus to differentiate.
Describe the maturation process of the T cells.
When they arrive in the Cortex of the thymus, they are immature (they are both CD4+ and CD8+). As they mature, they lose the one positivity to become CD8 cytotoxic T cells or CD4 helper T cells.
Where does Positive selection of T cells takes place?
Thymic cortex.
Where does Negative selection of T cells takes place?
Thymic corticomedullary junction.
What happens to the T cells that are selected in the negative selection?
They are removed by apoptosis.
What are the two kinds of T helper cells?
Th1 and Th2 cells.
What cytokine makes the T helper cell differentiate to Th1 cell and what factor for Th2?
Th1: IL-12.
Th2: IL-4.
How do we stimulate the production of IL-12 cells and what does it do?
Viral infections stimulate the production of IL-12 that stimulates the production of Th1, which in turn stimulates the production of IL-2 and INF-gamma.
What inhibits the production of Th1 and who is responsible for it?
Th1 is inhibited by IL-10, which is released by Th2 cells.
What does Th1 stimulate?
The production of IL-2(which stimulates the production of T cells and cytotoxic T cells.) and INF-gamma (Which stimulates macrophages).
What does Th2 stimulate?
Production of IL-10 which inhibits the development of Th1 cells and IL-4 and IL-5 which stimulates the production of B cells.
What is MALT tissue?
The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various mucosa sites of the body, such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eyes and skin.