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vtt 111 - small animal > preventative health programs > Flashcards

preventative health programs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the six life stages in cats as identified by the AAFP?

A

a. Kittens (0-6mo)
b. Junior (7mo-2yrs)
c. Adult (3yrs-6yrs)
d. Mature (7-10yrs)
e. Senior (11-14yrs)
f. Geriatric (>14 yrs)

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2
Q

When does the initial visit to a veterinary practice occur for a healthy puppy or kitten?

A

6-8 weeks

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3
Q

The initial puppy/kitten visit is a good time for the veterinary health care team to educate the client on basic husbandry and the normal progression of a pet’s development. List the 9 topics that are generally addressed

A

a. Parasite control
b. Basic husbandry and normal development (grooming)
c. Behavior (socialization)
d. Training
e. Nutrition
f. Neutering and spaying
g. Exercise
h. Shelter (housing) requirements
i. Potentially toxic food items (animal proofing environment)

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4
Q

What are the benefits of Spaying females you should discuss with clients?

A

Eliminates unwanted pregnancies, heat-related behaviors, ovarian cancer, and pyometra

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5
Q

What are the benefits of neutering males you should discuss with clients?

A

May eliminate roaming, inter-male aggression, enlargement of the prostate, and testicular cancer

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6
Q

How many additional visits and intervals are recommended for puppies and kittens?

A

Every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks of age

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7
Q

List the important recommendations you would discuss during a wellness visit for an adult dog and adult cat

A

nutrition, dental care, heartworm, Flea and Tick control, routine blood and urine testing

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8
Q

active immunity

A

the immune system develops antibodies to antigens

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9
Q

Two ways that active immunity can occur in the body

A

a. natural exposure from environment
b. injection with noninfectious form of the antigen in a vaccine

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10
Q

Passive immunity can occur in three ways

A

a. in utero placenta to fetus
b. consumption of colostrum-newborns
c. intravenous infusion of antibody rich plasma (usually given to foals)

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11
Q

What is the major difference between active immunity and passive immunity?

A

Period of resistance short for passive, long for active

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12
Q

What are the two major categories of vaccines?

A

Infectious and Noninfectious

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13
Q

adjuvants

A

added to vaccine to help stimulate a stronger immune response (aluminum hydroxide)

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14
Q

Hypersensitivity reactions to vaccine are more likely to occur with which type of vaccine?

A

Noninfectious (due to whole pathogens which are killed)

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15
Q

three examples of Infectious vaccines

A

distemper, parvovirus, and hepatitis

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16
Q

What is a potential disadvantage of using infections vaccines?

A

Potential to cause disease

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17
Q

recombinant vaccine technology

A

inserts DNA from a particular pathogen into a carrier

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18
Q

Why is it important to follow maufacturer’s direction when it comes to storage and reconstitution of vaccines?

A

not refrigerating can cause problems with the vaccines and overstocking (expired vaccines)

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19
Q

difference between core and non-core vaccines for dogs and cats

A

Core-recommended for all animals Noncore-recommended based on animal’s potential risk

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20
Q

List factors associated with the health of an animal that might affect the effectiveness of the immunization

A

poor nutritional health, heavy parasitism, reduced immune response, ill at time of vaccine

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21
Q

Healthy, unvaccinated dogs can become infected with canine PARVOVIRUS by coming into contact with what

A

feces

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22
Q

What is best disinfectant to use when canine PARVOVIRUS infection has been diagnosed?

A

1:32 bleach

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23
Q

What is the best method to protect healthy dogs from contracting canine PARVOVIRUS?

A

vaccination

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24
Q

T/F Young puppies infected with canine PARVOVIRUS have a higher mortality rate than infected adult dogs.

A

true

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25
Q

The two clinical forms of canine PARVOVIRUS

A

a. hemorrhagic enteritis
b. myocarditis

26
Q

The clinical symptoms of canine distemper

A

fever
depression
anorexia
ocular and nasal discharge
respiratory symptoms
gastrointestinal symptoms
neurological symptoms (convulsions, chorea-muscle twitches)

27
Q

Canine distemper is transmitted to uninfected animals by what means

A

secretions; airborne

28
Q

The rabies virus affects what body system

A

nervous system

29
Q

The two clinical forms of the disease rabies

A

a. Excitative (furious rabies)
b. Paralytic (dumb)

30
Q

Rabies is transmitted from animal to animal by what means?

A

bite

31
Q

Contact with what secretion of the animal infected with rabies may result in transmission of the diseases?

A

saliva

32
Q

Explain the concept “incubation period” has as it relates to infectious diseases

A

time it takes for the virus to spread (no symptoms during this period)

33
Q

What is the incubation period for rabies?

A

3-12 weeks

34
Q

An animal is infected with rabies; how much time will lapse before the animal will begin to show clinical symptoms of the disease?

A

3-12 weeks

35
Q

Once an animal infected with rabies begins to show clinical symptoms of the disease, how soon will the animal die?

A

within 7 days

36
Q

A person is bitten by a dog; how long should the animal be quarantined for?

A

10 days

37
Q

Which wild animal is the most common transmitter of the disease rabies to domestic animals?

A

skunk

38
Q

Leptospirosis affects which body organs?

A

liver and kidneys

39
Q

Which of the infectious small animal diseases are zoonotic?

A

a. Rabies
b. Leptosporosis

40
Q

Mrs. Jones is bringing in her 9-week old kitten into the clinic today. The kitten is found to be in excellent health after her physical exam. What diseases should the kitten be immunized for today?

A

FVRCP

41
Q

What vaccine should you prepare for administration to the kitten today?

A

FVRCP

42
Q

Does this kitten need to receive another vaccination?

A

yes, in 12-13 weeks

43
Q

As an adult cat, how often should this kitten be revaccinated?

A

every 3 years

44
Q

At what age should this kitten be immunized for rabies?

A

16 weeks

45
Q

How often should this animal be revaccinated for rabies?

A

1 yr then every 3

46
Q

Mrs. Jones also decided she wants her kitten vaccinated for feline leukemia. What should be done prior to vaccinating the kitten?

A

Test for FELV/FIV

47
Q

Mrs. Petersen is on the phone. She wants to know what “shots” her new 8-week old puppy, Runt, needs. You set up an appointment for Mrs. Petersen to bring her puppy in today at 5 p.m. What vaccines should Runt receive today?

A

DA2PP-CV

48
Q

You are to set up the next appointment for Mrs. Petersen to bring Runt back for his next vaccination. How old should the puppy be?

A

11-12 weeks

49
Q

How many weeks from now are you going to set up the appointment for?

A

3-4 weeks

50
Q

Dr. Smith recommends a third vaccination for Runt. At what age, should the puppy receive this vaccination to assure complete immunity?

A

14-16 weeks

51
Q

At what age should this puppy be immunized for rabies?

A

16 weeks

52
Q

Mrs. Greenslip is on the phone. She just got a 10-week-old puppy named Sport. She also wants to know what shots Sport needs. You set up an appointment for her to bring Sport in at 3 p.m. today. Assuming the puppy is healthy, what vaccine should you prepare for administration to Sport today?

A

DA2PP-CV

53
Q

Will Sport need another (second) vaccination?

A

yes, at 13-14 weeks old

54
Q

How many weeks from now are you going to set the appointment for?

A

3-4 weeks

55
Q

Will Sport need a third DA2 PP as an adult?

A

yes

56
Q

How often should Sport receive a booster DA2 PP as an adult?

A

1 yr then every 3

57
Q

At what age must Sport receive his first rabies vaccination?

A

16 weeks

58
Q

At what age, must Sport receive a rabies booster?

A

1 yr then every 3

59
Q

what antigens are incorporated into the biological DA2PP?

A

a. canine distemper
b. adenovirus type 2
c. parainfluenza
d. parvovirus

60
Q

Where should all biologicals be stored?

A

Refrigerator - Must be kept cold or will deactivate

61
Q

An animal is brought into the clinic for vaccination. What questions should be asked of the owner before the vaccination is administered?

A

a. Age
b. vaccine history
c. previous reactions?
d. risk assessment (lifestyle)

62
Q

At what anatomical location should each of the following feline vaccine be administered?

a. FVRCP-C
b. Leukemia
c. Rabies

A

a. RF
b. LR
c. RR

vtt 111 - small animal (15 decks)

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