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vtt 111 - small animal > dental unit studyguide > Flashcards

dental unit studyguide Flashcards

1
Q

four types of teeth in dogs and cats

A

incisors
canines
premolars
molars

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2
Q

how many incisors in the maxilla? mandible?

A

6; 6

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3
Q

how many roots does each incisor have?

A

1

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4
Q

how many incisors should be normally present in each quadrant

A

3

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5
Q

what are the incisors used for

A

gnawing and grooming; cutting, nibbling

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6
Q

normal occlusion for incisors when animal has a scissor bite

A

upper incisors close just in front of lower incisors

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7
Q

how many roots does each canine tooth have

A

1

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8
Q

how many canine present in maxilla? mandible? each quadrant?

A

2; 2; 1

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9
Q

which of the categories of teeth are used to grasp and tear with great force

A

canines

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10
Q

how many premolar teeth in each quadrant of a normal canine maxilla

A

4

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11
Q

how many roots does each maxillary premolar have on a canine: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

A

1; 2; 2; 3

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12
Q

what is the purpose of occlusal surfaces of the premolars and molars

A

grinding (mastication)

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13
Q

carnassial tooth on maxilla (canine)

A

4th premolar

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14
Q

main purpose of the maxillary premolars

A

shearing and grinding

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15
Q

how many roots does each mandibular premolar have on a canine: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

A

1; 2; 2; 2

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16
Q

carnassial tooth on mandible (canine)

A

1st molar

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17
Q

how many roots do the mandibular carnassial teeth have

A

2

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18
Q

how many permanent teeth does an adult dog normally have

A

42

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19
Q

what age does the eruption of deciduous teeth in puppies begin

A

3-4 wks

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20
Q

which deciduous teeth in the canine are the first to erupt

A

canines

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21
Q

permanent dentition of cats is comprised of how many teeth

A

30

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22
Q

how many upper premolars does an adult cat have

A

3

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23
Q

how are the premolars of the upper arch numbered in the cat

A

2, 3, 4 because the 1st upper premolar is missing

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24
Q

how are the premolars of the lower arch numbered in the cat

A

3 and 4 because the mandibular 1st and 2nd premolars are missing

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25
Q

carnassial teeth on maxilla (cat)

A

4th premolar

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26
Q

carnassial teeth on mandible (cat)

A

molars (lower 1st molar)

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27
Q

four surface options besides mesial and distal

A

buccal, lingual, labial, palatal

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28
Q

apical

A

toward root

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29
Q

coronal

A

toward crown

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30
Q

distal

A

toward edge of tooth

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31
Q

rostal

A

toward nose; front of mouth

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32
Q

buccal

A

toward cheek

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33
Q

lingual

A

toward tongue

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34
Q

palatal

A

toward palate

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35
Q

labial

A

toward lips

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36
Q

occlusal surface

A

articulating or biting surface of the tooth

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37
Q

furcation

A

space between the roots

38
Q

gingiva

A

soft tissue providing epithelial attachment

39
Q

supragingival

A

above gum line

40
Q

subgingival

A

below gumline

41
Q

epithelial attachment

A

where the gingiva meets the epithelium

42
Q

gingival sulcus

A

space between free gingiva and the tooth

43
Q

periodontium

A

all the tissues that support a tooth and keep it in position; holds tooth in socket

44
Q

structures that make up periodontium

A

gingiva
periodontal ligament
alveolar bone
gingival sulcus

45
Q

describe what healthy marginal gingiva tissue looks like

A

knife-edge margin, lays smooth and flat against teeth; shrimp pink color

46
Q

crevicular fluid

A

secreted from gingiva and flushes the sulcus

47
Q

normal depth for gingival sulcus in dog? cat?

A

1-3 mm; 0.5-1 mm

48
Q

why is measurement of depth performed

A

check for abnormal pocket depth which indicates breakdown of periodontium and periodontal disease

49
Q

cementum

A

a type of bone that covers the root of the tooth

50
Q

periodontal ligament

A

holds tooth in socket

51
Q

alveolar bone

A

forms jaw and tooth sockets

52
Q

alveolus

A

lining; covers bone

53
Q

clinically where are the heaviest accumulations of calculus deposited in the dog and cat

A

4th premolars and 1st molars; salivary glands

54
Q

normal occlusion for a boxer or English bulldog

A

failure of maxilla to grow to normal length

55
Q

when the placement of incisors is end-to-end

A

level bite

56
Q

when an animal has more than the normal complement of teeth

A

polydontia

57
Q

if tetracycline drugs are given to young pups or kittens during the development of the permanent teeth, what dental problems may occur

A

yellow staining

58
Q

if a tooth fractures, what area is commonly exposed

A

pulp

59
Q

oronasal fistula

A

caused by an abscess of maxillary canine tooth root

60
Q

caries

A

cavities

61
Q

ORLs

A

lesions commonly in cats; unknown cause; buccal surfaces of teeth are commonly involved; treatment is extraction; diagnosis dental explorer/probe, radiograph

62
Q

what is the most common malignant oral neoplasm found in dogs

A

malignant melanoma

63
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A

thickening of gingiva as a result to chronic inflammation

64
Q

enamel hypoplasia

A

sections of enamel are missing

65
Q

causes of hypoplasia

A

pyrexia, trauma, malnutrition, and infections

66
Q

dental plaque physically consists of what

A

bacteria, food particles, exfoliated cells, and salivary glycoproteins

67
Q

which teeth usually have the heaviest calculus deposits

A

4th premolars and 1st molars

68
Q

what age does the eruption of permanent teeth in the puppy usually begin

A

12 weeks

69
Q

the gingival margin is a landmark of identification of two tooth areas or calculus areas

A

coronal/supragingival and apical/subgingival

70
Q

at what age do the deciduous teeth of puppies and kittens begin to appear

A

3 weeks

71
Q

at what age are the deciduous teeth normally shed by

A

6 months

72
Q

why should we monitor the eruption of the adult teeth in puppies and kittens

A

important for final position of permanent tooth

73
Q

what might occur if the deciduous teeth do not shed prior to the adult teeth erupting

A

malocclusion

74
Q

prognathic

A

abnormally long

75
Q

brachygnathic

A

abnormally short

76
Q

most common deciduous teeth retained

A

canines

77
Q

the teeth most commonly fractured in the canine

A

upper 4th premolar and canines

78
Q

benign epulides

A

non-cancerous oral mass

79
Q

epulis

A

oral mass

80
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of the soft tissues of the mouth; unknown cause

81
Q

physical appearance of dental calculus

A

light brown, tan, and porous

82
Q

what do dental calculus deposits consist of

A

bacteria, mineralized plaque

83
Q

which teeth usually have the heaviest calculus deposits

A

upper 4th premolar and lower first molar closest to the salivary ducts

84
Q

what disease will likely occur if heavy calculus deposits are allowed to buildup and remain untreated

A

advanced periodontal disease

85
Q

what happens to the teeth that are affected by periodontal disease

A

exfoliation

86
Q

what are the clinical symptoms of periodontal disease

A

facial swelling, pawing at mouth, bleeding, anorexia, excessive drooling, dropping food, face rubbing

87
Q

how often should dogs that are prone to tartar build up have an oral examination to determine if a dental prophy is necessary

A

4-6 months

88
Q

treatment of periodontal disease

A

dental prophylaxis
curettage/root planing
antibiotics

89
Q

gingivitis symptoms

A

redness
swollen
bleeding
halitosis

90
Q

gingivitis cause

A

plaque buildup

vtt 111 - small animal (15 decks)

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