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vtt 111 - small animal > dental unit studyguide > Flashcards

dental unit studyguide Flashcards

1
Q

four types of teeth in dogs and cats

A

incisors
canines
premolars
molars

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2
Q

how many incisors in the maxilla? mandible?

A

6; 6

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3
Q

how many roots does each incisor have?

A

1

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4
Q

how many incisors should be normally present in each quadrant

A

3

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5
Q

what are the incisors used for

A

gnawing and grooming; cutting, nibbling

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6
Q

normal occlusion for incisors when animal has a scissor bite

A

upper incisors close just in front of lower incisors

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7
Q

how many roots does each canine tooth have

A

1

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8
Q

how many canine present in maxilla? mandible? each quadrant?

A

2; 2; 1

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9
Q

which of the categories of teeth are used to grasp and tear with great force

A

canines

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10
Q

how many premolar teeth in each quadrant of a normal canine maxilla

A

4

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11
Q

how many roots does each maxillary premolar have on a canine: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

A

1; 2; 2; 3

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12
Q

what is the purpose of occlusal surfaces of the premolars and molars

A

grinding (mastication)

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13
Q

carnassial tooth on maxilla (canine)

A

4th premolar

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14
Q

main purpose of the maxillary premolars

A

shearing and grinding

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15
Q

how many roots does each mandibular premolar have on a canine: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

A

1; 2; 2; 2

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16
Q

carnassial tooth on mandible (canine)

A

1st molar

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17
Q

how many roots do the mandibular carnassial teeth have

A

2

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18
Q

how many permanent teeth does an adult dog normally have

A

42

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19
Q

what age does the eruption of deciduous teeth in puppies begin

A

3-4 wks

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20
Q

which deciduous teeth in the canine are the first to erupt

A

canines

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21
Q

permanent dentition of cats is comprised of how many teeth

A

30

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22
Q

how many upper premolars does an adult cat have

A

3

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23
Q

how are the premolars of the upper arch numbered in the cat

A

2, 3, 4 because the 1st upper premolar is missing

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24
Q

how are the premolars of the lower arch numbered in the cat

A

3 and 4 because the mandibular 1st and 2nd premolars are missing

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25
carnassial teeth on maxilla (cat)
4th premolar
26
carnassial teeth on mandible (cat)
molars (lower 1st molar)
27
four surface options besides mesial and distal
buccal, lingual, labial, palatal
28
apical
toward root
29
coronal
toward crown
30
distal
toward edge of tooth
31
rostal
toward nose; front of mouth
32
buccal
toward cheek
33
lingual
toward tongue
34
palatal
toward palate
35
labial
toward lips
36
occlusal surface
articulating or biting surface of the tooth
37
furcation
space between the roots
38
gingiva
soft tissue providing epithelial attachment
39
supragingival
above gum line
40
subgingival
below gumline
41
epithelial attachment
where the gingiva meets the epithelium
42
gingival sulcus
space between free gingiva and the tooth
43
periodontium
all the tissues that support a tooth and keep it in position; holds tooth in socket
44
structures that make up periodontium
gingiva periodontal ligament alveolar bone gingival sulcus
45
describe what healthy marginal gingiva tissue looks like
knife-edge margin, lays smooth and flat against teeth; shrimp pink color
46
crevicular fluid
secreted from gingiva and flushes the sulcus
47
normal depth for gingival sulcus in dog? cat?
1-3 mm; 0.5-1 mm
48
why is measurement of depth performed
check for abnormal pocket depth which indicates breakdown of periodontium and periodontal disease
49
cementum
a type of bone that covers the root of the tooth
50
periodontal ligament
holds tooth in socket
51
alveolar bone
forms jaw and tooth sockets
52
alveolus
lining; covers bone
53
clinically where are the heaviest accumulations of calculus deposited in the dog and cat
4th premolars and 1st molars; salivary glands
54
normal occlusion for a boxer or English bulldog
failure of maxilla to grow to normal length
55
when the placement of incisors is end-to-end
level bite
56
when an animal has more than the normal complement of teeth
polydontia
57
if tetracycline drugs are given to young pups or kittens during the development of the permanent teeth, what dental problems may occur
yellow staining
58
if a tooth fractures, what area is commonly exposed
pulp
59
oronasal fistula
caused by an abscess of maxillary canine tooth root
60
caries
cavities
61
ORLs
lesions commonly in cats; unknown cause; buccal surfaces of teeth are commonly involved; treatment is extraction; diagnosis dental explorer/probe, radiograph
62
what is the most common malignant oral neoplasm found in dogs
malignant melanoma
63
gingival hyperplasia
thickening of gingiva as a result to chronic inflammation
64
enamel hypoplasia
sections of enamel are missing
65
causes of hypoplasia
pyrexia, trauma, malnutrition, and infections
66
dental plaque physically consists of what
bacteria, food particles, exfoliated cells, and salivary glycoproteins
67
which teeth usually have the heaviest calculus deposits
4th premolars and 1st molars
68
what age does the eruption of permanent teeth in the puppy usually begin
12 weeks
69
the gingival margin is a landmark of identification of two tooth areas or calculus areas
coronal/supragingival and apical/subgingival
70
at what age do the deciduous teeth of puppies and kittens begin to appear
3 weeks
71
at what age are the deciduous teeth normally shed by
6 months
72
why should we monitor the eruption of the adult teeth in puppies and kittens
important for final position of permanent tooth
73
what might occur if the deciduous teeth do not shed prior to the adult teeth erupting
malocclusion
74
prognathic
abnormally long
75
brachygnathic
abnormally short
76
most common deciduous teeth retained
canines
77
the teeth most commonly fractured in the canine
upper 4th premolar and canines
78
benign epulides
non-cancerous oral mass
79
epulis
oral mass
80
stomatitis
inflammation of the soft tissues of the mouth; unknown cause
81
physical appearance of dental calculus
light brown, tan, and porous
82
what do dental calculus deposits consist of
bacteria, mineralized plaque
83
which teeth usually have the heaviest calculus deposits
upper 4th premolar and lower first molar closest to the salivary ducts
84
what disease will likely occur if heavy calculus deposits are allowed to buildup and remain untreated
advanced periodontal disease
85
what happens to the teeth that are affected by periodontal disease
exfoliation
86
what are the clinical symptoms of periodontal disease
facial swelling, pawing at mouth, bleeding, anorexia, excessive drooling, dropping food, face rubbing
87
how often should dogs that are prone to tartar build up have an oral examination to determine if a dental prophy is necessary
4-6 months
88
treatment of periodontal disease
dental prophylaxis curettage/root planing antibiotics
89
gingivitis symptoms
redness swollen bleeding halitosis
90
gingivitis cause
plaque buildup

vtt 111 - small animal (15 decks)

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