Pretérito perfecto (present perfect) Flashcards
What is the pretérito perfecto used for? (2)
Give an example of it in English using ‘to finish’.
- Describing actions in a time period that is NOT FINISHED.
- When NOT SPECIFYING a date/time.
I have finished.
How do you form the present perfect?
Use haber in the indicative as the auxillary verb, followed by the past participle of the verb being described.
Present tense:
Yo (haber)
he
Present tense:
Tú (haber)
has
Present tense:
Él/ella/usted (haber)
ha
Present tense:
Nosotros/as (haber)
hemos
Present tense:
Vosotros/as (haber)
habéis
Present tense:
ellos/ellas/ustedes (haber)
han
How do you form the past participle of -ar verbs?
Take off the -ar and add -ado
Do you form the past participle of -ir and -er verbs in the same way?
Yes.
How do you form the past participle of -ir and -er verbs?
Remove the -ir/er and add -ido
They use the present perfect all the time in Latam. True or false?
FALSE: they never use it, instead they use the past simple (pretérito indefinido) for everything.
They use the present perfect in Spain. True or false?
True.
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of abrir?
abierto (open)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of decir?
dicho (said)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of descubrir?
descubierto (discovered)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of escribir?
escrito (written)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of hacer?
hecho (done/made)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of morir?
muerto (died)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of poner?
puesto (put)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of romper?
roto (broken)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of ver?
visto (seen)
Some past participles are irregular. What is the past participle of volver?
vuelto (returned)
What are some examples of timeframes that are still ongoing, i.e. cases in which you’d use the present perfect? (4)
Today
This week
This month
This year
Ser, estar, ir and tener are usually irregular in most tenses. Are they irregular in the present perfect?
No.
What is the past participle of ser?
sido
What is the past participle of estar
estado
What is the past participle of ir?
ido
What is the past participle of tener?
tenido
What word is commonly used with the present perfect?
What does it mean?
Give an example with ‘he has eaten’.
ya
already (among other things)
él ya ha comido
