presentation of drug misuse Flashcards
what type of receptor is affected by opioid ?
mu receptor agonist
what does the overdose of heroin look like ?
pinned pupils ( dilated with withdrawal )
shallow respiration
cyanosis
loud snoring
unrousable
what is the treatment for opiates overdose ?
naloxone
what is used to reverse the effect of benzodiazepines ?
flumanezil
what effect dos GBL/GHB have ?
weak action at GABA-B
sedative effect
what symptoms are associated with hallucinogens ?
acute psychotic symptoms
what is the treatment for GBL withdrawal ?
benzodiazepines andd baclofen
what is the treatment for benzo withdrawal ?
diazepam detoxification
valium ?
diazepam
what is thee treatment for opiate withdrawal ?
give methadone
a patient cam in requesting clonazepam for their epilepsy ?
shok fe da modmen
visual hallucinations associated with alcohol withdrawal ?
delirium tremens
what is wernicks encephalopathy and what is the treatment ?
caused by thiamine deficiency
treat with IV thiamine
what is the presentation of wernicks encephalopathy ?
triad of confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia or nystagmus
what is the sequel of wernicks encephalopathy ?
korsakoff’s syndrome
what is the presentation of korsakoffs syndrome ?
after the onset of wernicks encephalopathy there is short term memory loss
what is the management of alcohol dependence on AMUu ?
supportive measures
chlordiazepoxide
thiamine po or pabrinex
discharge planning early
what is the management of delirium tremens on AMU ?
haloperidol
what is the management of wernicks encephalopathy ?
1- iv thiamine
2- correct magnesium deficiency and hypoglycaemia
what is the management for seizures in the acute setting ?
diazepam 10mg per rectum
what are the screening tools used for alcohol dependency ?
AUDIT or AUDIT-CC
PAT or FAST
what AUDIT score is considered positive for alcohol dependency ?
more than or equal to 5
