learning memory and cognition

Question 1

what is declarative memory ?

Answer 1

memory for facts and events that can bee accessed for conscious recollection

Question 2

what are thee types of declarativee memory ?

Answer 2

episodic memory
semantic memory
working memory

Question 3

what is the difference between episodic , semantic and working memory ?

Answer 3

episodic - recollecting specific events in time
semantic memory - remembering a familiar object or fact
working memory - a short term hold

Question 4

what is an example of procedural memory ?

Answer 4

like remembering how to ride a bike

Question 5

what is declarative or explicit memory ?

Answer 5

you know you know
easy to verbalize or declare your knowledge

Question 6

what is the difference between episodic memory and semantic memory ?

Answer 6

memories for specific autobiographic events
with a when and where

semantic not tagged in space or time

Question 7

what are thee stages of memory

Answer 7

encoding - intial processing
storage - maintaining
retrieval - recalling

Question 8

what is amnesia ?

Answer 8

loss of memory due to brain insult

Question 9

retrograde amnesia ?

Answer 9

loss of memory prior to the trauma

Question 10

anterograde amnesia ?

Answer 10

inability to make new memories after the trauma

Question 11

what are the major theories of forgetting ?

Answer 11

decay theory
interference theory
represssion

Question 12

what are the three types of memory ?

Answer 12

sensory memory
short term memory
long term memory

Question 13

what are the types off long term memory ?

Answer 13

declarative and non declarative
declarative you can describe ( semantic and episodic )
non declarative you cant describe

Question 14

what is the reason for forgetting in long term memory ?

Answer 14

retrieval failure

Question 15

what is thee capacity , duration of storage and reason for forgetting in short term memory ?

Answer 15

capacity is 7 units plus or minus 2
duration - less than 30 seconds without rehearsal
reasons for forgetting - storage failure

Question 16

what is working memory ?

Answer 16

short term memory

Question 17

what is the capacity , duration of storage. and reason for forgetting in sensory memory ?

Answer 17

capacity : large
durration : visual 1/10 seconds , auditory 2 seconds
reasons for forgetting : storage failure

Question 18

what causes information to disappear in STM ?

Answer 18

decay or displacement

Question 19

when displacement occur ?

Answer 19

when the capacity of about 7 units of information has been reached

Question 20

what are the types of interference ?

Answer 20

retroactive interference - recently learned info prevents recall of earlier info

proactive interference - earlier learned info prevents recall of later learned info

Question 21

what is thee basic sequence of memory ?

Answer 21

sensory memory
then short term
then long term memory

Question 22

what moves information from sensory memory to short term memory ?

Answer 22

attention

Question 23

what are the two stages associated with moving info from short term memory to long term memory ?

Answer 23

repetition and elaboration

Question 24

what are the bed side tests that can be used to test memory ?

Answer 24

registration
short term memory
long term memory

Question 25

how can short term memory be tested ?

Answer 25

digit span

Question 26

what type of amnesia is associated with korsakoff syndrome ?

Answer 26

anterograde amnesia and limited retrograde amnesia

Question 27

what does the disease severity of Alzheimer’s depend on ?

Answer 27

correlates with tangles and not plaques

Question 28

what type of memory is mostly affected in Alzheimer’s ?

Answer 28

episodic memory

Question 29

what type of memory is affected in the final stages of Alzheimer’s disease ?

Answer 29

procedural memory

Question 30

what part of the brain is associated with declarative memory ?

Answer 30

medial temporal lobe and nuclei in the diencephalon