dementia Flashcards
what are the variants of fronto temporal dementia ?
behavioural variant - decline in social and personal conduct
progressive non fluent - patient cant verbalise
semantic variant - calls things thingy , inability to remember the word for things
what is the other name for FTD ?
picks disease
generally what is dementia ?
memory loss and impairment in cognitive function
MMSE score of less than 24 indicates dementia
decline from previous function
affects daily living
what are the findings associated with dementia on CT and MRI EEG ?
symmetrical or asymmetrical atrophy of the anterior temporal and frontal lobes
EEG appears normal
what are the differentials of dementia ?
drug induced dementia
delirium
what is the presentation of vascular dementia ?
symptoms of dementia after the onset of a stroke
stepwise cognitive deterioration
focal neurological symptoms
what are the 4 As associated with Alzheimer ?
amnesia
aphasia
agnosia
apraxia
parietal lobe dysfunction - patient gets lost alot
what is usually thee first presentation of Alzheimer disease ?
loss of short term memory
what does parietal lobe affection lead to ?
getting lost a lot
what is the AD pathology ?
tau tangles and beta amyloid protein deposition
what is seen on MRI in AD ?
bilateral hippocampal atrophy
what is seen on EEG of AD ?
loss of alpha rhtymn
what is seen on CSF in Alzheimer’s disease ?
A beta 1 -24 is increased along with tau proteins
what is the management of alzeheimers disease ?
mild to moderate :
cholinesterase inhibitor ( donepezil )
moderate but cant take Ache ? give memantine
what cautions must be taken when donepezil is taken ?
sick sinus syndrome
