Preoperative Nursing care Flashcards
During the assessment, what do nurses need to identify
a baseline
psychological status
physiological factors that may affect the operation
Drugs taken
Participate in the ID and documentation of the surgical site
Examine preoperative diagnostic studies
ID cultural and ethnic factors that may affect operation
Determine if the client received enough information to be informed
Determine if the informed consent form is signed and witnessed
What does a nurse need to assess in a psychological assessment
Situational Changes
• degree of independence.
• Determine the presence of hope and anticipation of positive results.
• Consider the impact of surgery and hospitalization on
lifestyle.
• Identify support systems
Concerns With the Unknown
• degree of anxiety and fears related to the surgery (e.g.,
pain).
• expectations of surgery
Concerns With Body Image
• Identify current roles or relationships and view of self.
• Determine perceived or potential changes in roles or relationships and their
impact on body image.
Past Experiences
• How they feel about them
What happened
Knowledge Deficit
• Identify the amount and type of preoperative information the patient wants.
• Assess understanding of surgical procedure, including preparation, care,
interventions, preoperative activities, restrictions, and expected outcomes.
• Identify the accuracy of information the patient has received from others,
including health care team, family, friends, and media.
What are the three common psychological factors
anxiety
fear
hope
What are some ways a nurse might be able to decrease anxiety
education like videos
What are the common fears of surgery
pain and discom the unknown mutilation death anesthesia disruption of life patterns
What should the nurse do if any of the commono fears are extreme
notify the PCP
What can the nurse do to reduce fear of pain/disom
assure there are pain medications available, medications that help you to forget, and teach them how to use a pain scale
What should the nurse do when they assess a large amount of hope
support it
Why do people have surgery
Diagnosis (biopsy)
Cure (removal of diseased organ)
Palliation (partial removal of a tumor, cut a nerve to reduce pain)
Cosmetic (revise a scar, breast implant)
Prevention (remove precancerous tumor)
Exploration (determine extent of disease)
What are the two settings for sugery
in and outpatients
What do outpatient surgery do
less complex, shorter procedure and recovery surgeries
Can patients stay the night at outpatient sites
no
Where are outpatient surgery sites located
ER
SDSU
Free-standing clinics
What are some of the main aspects of perioperative care
safety
psych/soc
pt/family responses
staffing
What are the defs of
- Appendectomy
- Electrolysis
- Herniorrhaphy
- Endoscopy
- Colostomy
- Tracheotomy
- Mammoplasty
- Appendectomy – excision/removal
- Electrolysis – destruction of
- Herniorrhaphy repair/suture of
- scopy – looking into
- ostomy – creation of opening
- otomy – cut/incision of
- Mammoplasty – repair/reconstruction of
What are the nurses four main roles of the nurse in perioperative care
Assessment/Teaching/Surveillance and Intervention
What roles of nursing are done in preop
teaching and assessment
What roles are done in intraop
surveillance
What roles are done in postop
surveillance and teaching to prevent comps and promote recov
In general, how long before surgery should a patient stop taking herbs
2-3 weeks
Regarding nutrition that is more medicinal, what should the nurse report about the patient
their vits, herbs, and dietary supps
Which foods can increase BP
astragalus and ginseng
Which foods can increase the risk of bleeding
garlic, vitamin E, ginkgo, and fish oils
Which foods can cause excess sedation
kava and valerian and ginkgo
What foods can help with soft tissue healing
Arnica
What is the guidelines for stopping multivitamins
stop 1 day beefore surgery
Should the nurse be frank When asking the patient about any use of recreational drugs, what information should be expressed and why should they be frank
Yes, the nurse should express the fact that those drugs can interact with the anesthesia.
Most patients will be honest when they know this
What food can cause liver damage with anesthesia
echinacea and Kava
What food can increase BP and cause arrythmias
Ephedra (ma-huang)
What food may make it harder to recover from the effects of anesthesia
St John’s Wort (goatweed)
What are the potential side effects of vilerian
increased effects of anesthesia
arythmia’s
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the cardiovascular system
normal physical areas from last semester
bilateral baseline BP’s
Id any prosthetics
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the resp system
normal assessments of last semester
any equipment they use
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the Neurological system
orientation to time place and person
Health history
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the genitourinary system
normal assessments from last semester
ability to void
pregnancy status
characteristics of the urine
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the hepatic system
signs of jaundice
history of alc and drug use
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the integumentary system
normal ass from last semest
assess mucus membranes
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the musculoskeletal system
normal assessments last semester
For the physical examination, what should you assess for the immune system
Id autoimmune disease hist
ass for immune suppressing drugs like corticosteroids
What tests are used to assess resp and metabolic function and oxygen status
ABG’s
pulse ox
What tests are used to assess cardiac enlargement, pulmonary disorders, and HF
Chest X-ray
What tests are used to assess pregnancy status
hCG
What tests are used to assess nutrition status
serum albumin
What tests are used to assess renal status, hydration, and UTI’s
urinalysis
What does PFT stand for
pulmonary func test
What does CXR stand for
chest X-ray
