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Med Surg > Preoperative Nursing care > Flashcards

Preoperative Nursing care Flashcards

1
Q

During the assessment, what do nurses need to identify

A

a baseline
psychological status
physiological factors that may affect the operation
Drugs taken
Participate in the ID and documentation of the surgical site
Examine preoperative diagnostic studies
ID cultural and ethnic factors that may affect operation
Determine if the client received enough information to be informed
Determine if the informed consent form is signed and witnessed

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2
Q

What does a nurse need to assess in a psychological assessment

A

Situational Changes
• degree of independence.
• Determine the presence of hope and anticipation of positive results.
• Consider the impact of surgery and hospitalization on
lifestyle.
• Identify support systems

Concerns With the Unknown
• degree of anxiety and fears related to the surgery (e.g.,
pain).
• expectations of surgery

Concerns With Body Image
• Identify current roles or relationships and view of self.
• Determine perceived or potential changes in roles or relationships and their
impact on body image.

Past Experiences
• How they feel about them
What happened

Knowledge Deficit
• Identify the amount and type of preoperative information the patient wants.
• Assess understanding of surgical procedure, including preparation, care,
interventions, preoperative activities, restrictions, and expected outcomes.
• Identify the accuracy of information the patient has received from others,
including health care team, family, friends, and media.

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3
Q

What are the three common psychological factors

A

anxiety
fear
hope

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4
Q

What are some ways a nurse might be able to decrease anxiety

A

education like videos

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5
Q

What are the common fears of surgery

A 
pain and discom
the unknown
mutilation
death 
anesthesia
disruption of life patterns
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6
Q

What should the nurse do if any of the commono fears are extreme

A

notify the PCP

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7
Q

What can the nurse do to reduce fear of pain/disom

A

assure there are pain medications available, medications that help you to forget, and teach them how to use a pain scale

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8
Q

What should the nurse do when they assess a large amount of hope

A

support it

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9
Q

Why do people have surgery

A

Diagnosis (biopsy)
Cure (removal of diseased organ)
Palliation (partial removal of a tumor, cut a nerve to reduce pain)
Cosmetic (revise a scar, breast implant)
Prevention (remove precancerous tumor)
Exploration (determine extent of disease)

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10
Q

What are the two settings for sugery

A

in and outpatients

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11
Q

What do outpatient surgery do

A

less complex, shorter procedure and recovery surgeries

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12
Q

Can patients stay the night at outpatient sites

A

no

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13
Q

Where are outpatient surgery sites located

A

ER
SDSU
Free-standing clinics

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14
Q

What are some of the main aspects of perioperative care

A

safety
psych/soc
pt/family responses
staffing

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15
Q

What are the defs of

  1. Appendectomy
  2. Electrolysis
  3. Herniorrhaphy
  4. Endoscopy
  5. Colostomy
  6. Tracheotomy
  7. Mammoplasty
A
  1. Appendectomy – excision/removal
  2. Electrolysis – destruction of
  3. Herniorrhaphy repair/suture of
  4. scopy – looking into
  5. ostomy – creation of opening
  6. otomy – cut/incision of
  7. Mammoplasty – repair/reconstruction of
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16
Q

What are the nurses four main roles of the nurse in perioperative care

A

Assessment/Teaching/Surveillance and Intervention

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17
Q

What roles of nursing are done in preop

A

teaching and assessment

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18
Q

What roles are done in intraop

A

surveillance

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19
Q

What roles are done in postop

A

surveillance and teaching to prevent comps and promote recov

20
Q

In general, how long before surgery should a patient stop taking herbs

A

2-3 weeks

21
Q

Regarding nutrition that is more medicinal, what should the nurse report about the patient

A

their vits, herbs, and dietary supps

22
Q

Which foods can increase BP

A

astragalus and ginseng

23
Q

Which foods can increase the risk of bleeding

A

garlic, vitamin E, ginkgo, and fish oils

24
Q

Which foods can cause excess sedation

A

kava and valerian and ginkgo

25
Q

What foods can help with soft tissue healing

A

Arnica

26
Q

What is the guidelines for stopping multivitamins

A

stop 1 day beefore surgery

27
Q

Should the nurse be frank When asking the patient about any use of recreational drugs, what information should be expressed and why should they be frank

A

Yes, the nurse should express the fact that those drugs can interact with the anesthesia.
Most patients will be honest when they know this

28
Q

What food can cause liver damage with anesthesia

A

echinacea and Kava

29
Q

What food can increase BP and cause arrythmias

A

Ephedra (ma-huang)

30
Q

What food may make it harder to recover from the effects of anesthesia

A

St John’s Wort (goatweed)

31
Q

What are the potential side effects of vilerian

A

increased effects of anesthesia

arythmia’s

32
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the cardiovascular system

A

normal physical areas from last semester
bilateral baseline BP’s
Id any prosthetics

33
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the resp system

A

normal assessments of last semester

any equipment they use

34
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the Neurological system

A

orientation to time place and person

Health history

35
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the genitourinary system

A

normal assessments from last semester
ability to void
pregnancy status
characteristics of the urine

36
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the hepatic system

A

signs of jaundice

history of alc and drug use

37
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the integumentary system

A

normal ass from last semest

assess mucus membranes

38
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the musculoskeletal system

A

normal assessments last semester

39
Q

For the physical examination, what should you assess for the immune system

A

Id autoimmune disease hist

ass for immune suppressing drugs like corticosteroids

40
Q

What tests are used to assess resp and metabolic function and oxygen status

A

ABG’s

pulse ox

41
Q

What tests are used to assess cardiac enlargement, pulmonary disorders, and HF

A

Chest X-ray

42
Q

What tests are used to assess pregnancy status

A

hCG

43
Q

What tests are used to assess nutrition status

A

serum albumin

44
Q

What tests are used to assess renal status, hydration, and UTI’s

A

urinalysis

45
Q

What does PFT stand for

A

pulmonary func test

46
Q

What does CXR stand for

A

chest X-ray

Med Surg (35 decks)

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