Inflammatory Heart Flashcards
What are the causes for endocarditis
prosthetic valves (number one) dialysis IV devices IV drug abuse rheumatic heart dis Cardiac lesions like MI's
What is a risk with the vegetations with endocarditis
they can break off and clot
If we have endocarditis on R valve where will we look for clots where
lungs
If we have endocarditis on L valve where will we look for clots where
heart muscle
stroke
other systemic areas
Where are you more likely to get endocarditis with IV drug abuse
R side
What are some manifestations from endocarditis
Murmurs
petechiae
Splinter hemorrhages – black streaks in nail beds
Chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, anorexia
arthralgias, myalgias, back pain, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, headache, clubbing
What do we do for people with a history of endocarditis before they receive care
they receive IV antibiotics days before
What is the most important interventions for endocarditis during exacerbations
blood culture every 30 minutes for 3 times
What should we teach endocarditis patients when they are discharged
antibiotics at least 4-6 wks
make sure they are able to get to hospital fast
teach S/S and immediately respond if present
What type of HF are we at risk for with pericarditis
diastolic HF
When is pericarditis most common
after an MI, TB or bact infection
What are complication of pericarditis
Pericardial effusion
cardiac tamponade
What is a sign of pericardial effusion
muffled heart sounds with normal BP
difference of BP between inspiration and expiration
What can untreated pericardial effusion from pericarditis lead to
cardiac tamponade
What are the s/s of cardiac tamponade
JVD
pulsus paradoxus
How much BP change is needed to indicate pulsus paradoxus
greater than or equal to 10mmhg
To diagnose Rheu Heart dis you need
evidence of a previous group A strep infcetion
What are the manifestations of rheumatic heart dis
Carditis
Mono or polyarthritis
Chorea - abnormal involuntary movement disorder
Erythemia marginatum - pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the arms and legs
Subcutaneous nodules
What are the manifestations of rheumatic heart dis
Carditis
Mono or polyarthritis
Chorea - abnormal involuntary movement disorder
Erythemia marginatum - pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the arms and legs
Subcutaneous nodules
What are the manis of mitral valve stenosis and why
just like L sided HF bec of the fluid backup to the lungs and other side of heart
What happens during mitral valve stenosis and regurg
stenosis- doesnt open fully
regurg - doesnt close fulyly
What are some mani’s of mitral regurg
thready pulse
Decreased CO- so cold clammy extremities, weakness, fatigue, orthopnea, palpitations
L vent hypertrophy
What are the manifestations of aortic valve stenosis
same as mitral valve stenosis
What are the manifestation of aortic valve regurg
same as mitral valve regurg
What complication can happen within the first 2-3 days after an MI
acute pericarditis
What is dressler syndrome
occurs 1-8 wks after an MI, it is pericarditis with a fever and arthralgia
What medications should we hold following an MI to reduce risk of dressler syn
aspirin and NSAIDS
What labs are elevated during dressler syn
WBC and sedimentation rate
