PAD and PVD Flashcards
What is intermittent claudification
ichemia in the legs from spasms that cause occlusion
What are some signs of intermittent claudificaiton
muscle aches from exercise
What is the first thing to do for intermittent claudification
rest for about 10 minutes
What are the manifestations of PAD
claudification parasthesia loss of pressure sensations loss of deep pain sensations wounds that don't heal color difference between raising and lowering the limb purposely dangling limb sleeping in a chair pain at rest hair loss
What are the complications of PAD
ulcers
delayed healing
atrophy of skin and muscle
(gangrene) infection from prolonged wounds
What are the drugs given for PAD
antiplatelets
ACE inhibitors
Pentoxifylline and Cilostazol for intermittent claudification
What is some collaborative care for PAD pats
increase exercise until right below intolerable
nutrition- gingko biloba, B6 and 12, folate
infection control- reduce risk of cracks by moisturizing, cover ulcer with sterile dressing, dont soak skin
prevent pressure ulcers
TPA- if within 3 hours
balloon angioplasty
bypass surgery
What part of the body should you keep an eye on the most with PAD
feet
What are some nursing interventions for PAD
health promotion- teach foot care, teach kids lifestyle
after sugery- monitor Cap refill, pulses, color, and sensations
elevate legs when not ambulating
ambulate often
monitor post op wound for infection
home care- avoid cold water, monitor toenails, comfortable shoes
What is Raynauds syndrome
vessels spasms mostly in the fingers and toes that causes throbbing achy pain and color changes
Interventions for Raynauds syndrome
protect from the cold
loose clothing
no tobacco
What are the causes of the aortic aneurysms
atherosclerosis most common
traumatic event
inflammatory aortritis
infectious aortritis from syphilis, salmonella, and HIV
What is a false aneurysm
happened more suddenly like from a trauma or post surgery and the surrounding tissue is usu able to contain the spillage
What are some manifestations of a thoracic aortic aneurysm
deep chest pain that may also radiate to between shoulder blades
What are some manifestations of ascending aortic aneurysm
angina
hoarseness from pressure on the laryngeal nerve
difficulty swallowing
JVD and head/arm edema from pressure on the superior vena cava
