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PATHOLOGY > PRELIMS REVIEWER > Flashcards

PRELIMS REVIEWER Flashcards

1
Q

Which health model explains disease as a malfunction of organs or tissues?

A

BIOMEDICAL

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2
Q

Environmental barriers related to disability includes which of the following?

A

RESTRICTED SOCIAL ACTIVITY

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3
Q

As the client verbality informs the PT, the Following observations in the pt can be gathered EXCEPT:

A

RESPONSE

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4
Q

Benefits of regular physical activity and exercise includes the following EXCEPT:

A

DECREASES MYOCARDIAL OXYGEN DEMAND

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5
Q

Etiology refers to ?

A

CAUSE

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6
Q

According to Germ Theory, which of the conditionms has been attributed to a possible infectious cause?

A

HIV conditions - AIDS

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7
Q

True about ICF Health and Disability model DESCRIBES HOW PEOPLE?

A

LIVE WITH THEIR HEALTH CONDITION

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8
Q

IOM strategies to reduce inequalities in health includes all EXCEPT

A

FRAGMENTATION OF HEALTH PLANS ALONG SOCIOECONOMIC LINES

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9
Q

Which of the following is NOT consiodered as a category of modifiable healthcare acces barrier?

A

COGNITIVE

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10
Q

Behavioral and lifestyle factors includes which one of the following?

A

EXERCISE

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11
Q

explains the damage-based theory of agging

A

WEAR AND TEAR

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12
Q

PTs’ role in prevention and wellness are seen in all of the following EXCEPT ENCOURAGE DEPENDENCY

A
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13
Q

Early mobility is defined as?

A

GREATER CHANCE OF HOME DISCHARGE AND REHAB

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14
Q

Mode of transmission of ocupatioonal hazards include the following EXCEPT

A

ALCOHOL INTAKE

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15
Q

Correct pairing of occupation and its potential hazard

A

UV LIGHT: SKN CANCER

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16
Q

Lead toxicity includes?

A

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

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17
Q

Obesity is associated mostly with which one of the following:

A

DIABETES MELLITUS

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18
Q

Most common pollutant:

A

CARBON MONOXIDE

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19
Q

Chronic alcoholism can lead to all of the following except:

A

LUNG CANCER

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20
Q

What is the smallest known organism?

A

BACTERIA

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21
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Lyme Disease?

A

VECTOR BORNE

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22
Q

Rod-shaped bacteria are called?

A

COCCI

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23
Q

The following are predisposing factors foe bacteremia EXCEPT:

A

INJECTION-DRUG ABUSE

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24
Q

What is the gold standard in diagnosing Clostridium difficile infection?

A

SPUTUM EXAM

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25
Q

What is the portal of entry?

A

SKIN

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26
Q

The following are the most sites of Staphylococcus infection EXCEPT

A

TEETH

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27
Q

What type of fever is associated with viral upper respiratory tract infection?

A

REMITTENT

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28
Q

What causes Scalded skin syndrome?

A

MYCOPLASMA

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29
Q

This antibiotic is considered as one of the most common antibiotics associated with Clostridium difficile infection

A

CLARITHROMYCIN

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30
Q

In infectious disease, what are the pyrogenic in some bacteria?

A

ENDOTOXINS

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31
Q

What vaccine is recommended for all adults every ten years?

A

INFLUENZA

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32
Q

Droplet precautions are necessary against the following EXCEPT

A

DIPHTHERIA

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33
Q

What are the single-celled microorganisms that can grow indepoendently on artificial media w/o the need for other cells?

A

BACTERIA

34
Q

In doing the proper hand-hygene technique, at leat how long should you rub your wet hands together after using soap?

A

10 SECONDS

35
Q

Cillia in respiratory passages is an example of what line of defense?

A

FIRST

36
Q

In what conditions does fever regularly exceeds more that 39 degrees centigrade? C

A

CATHETER-ASSOCIATED BACTERIURIA

37
Q

What is measured by the case fatality rate?

A

VIRULENCE

38
Q

What type of skin lesion are seen in measles?

A

NODULAR LESIONS

39
Q

Adaptive immunity is characterized by the following, EXCEPT:

A

ACTIVATED EVEN WITNOUT PRIOR SENSITIZATION

40
Q

Its main function is to suppress the immune response?

A

NK cells

41
Q

These are histamine producing cells

A

MAST CELLS

42
Q

A 6 y/o boy had a history of streptoccocal skin infecvtion. A few months later he developed acute glomerulonephritis. What is the type of hypersensitivity reaction?

A

TYPE III IMMUNE COMPLEX MEDISTED REACTION

43
Q

Intense exercise has has thi/thses effects/s on the immune system

A

INDUCE THE RELEASE OD MAST CELLS

44
Q

A single most important factor in wound healing.

A

infection

45
Q

Describes an anaplastic cell with variation in size in size and shape?

A

Pleomorphic

46
Q

Staging of the tumor includes the evaluation of the folowing, EXCEPT
A. Tumor size B. nodal involvement
C. metastasis D. grade

A

D. grade

47
Q

. If Gastric carcinoma wil metastasize, the preferred route for spread wil be
A. hematogenous B. direct extension
C. drop metastasis D. lymphatics

A

D. lymphatics

48
Q

Which of the folowing si a hematopoietic malignancy?
A. osteosarcoma B. lipoma
C. leukemia D. meningioma

A

C. leukemia

49
Q

Which nuclear: cytoplamicratio is regarded as anaplastic?
A. 1:1 B. 1:6
C. 1:4 D. Al of these

A

A. 1:1

50
Q

This organism si associated with development of gastric carcinoma.
A. Entamoeba histolytica B. Ascaris lumbricoides
C. Salmonella typhi D. Helicobacter pylori

A

D. Helicobacter pylori

51
Q

Which of the folowing tumor si malignant?
Fibroma B. hepatoma
C. adenoma D. leiomyoma

A

B. hepatoma

52
Q

When anaplastic cels have disorganized arangement this si described sa
A. loss of polarity
B. metaplasia
* C. apoptosis
D. dysmorphism

A

A. loss of polarity

53
Q

Paranoplastic syndromes present significant probelms because htey
A. may destroy tissues
B. both choices
C. elaborate abnormal products which maybe harmful
D. neither choice

A
  • B. both choices
54
Q

Aform of primary prevention of cancer si
A. vaccination
B. both
C. diet modification
D. neither

A

B. both

55
Q

Infection with HTLV increases the risk for
A. lymphoma
B. meningioma
C. hepatocellular carcinoma
D. ovarian cancer

A

A. lymphoma

56
Q

The UV ray exposure with greater risk for skin cancer is A. UV
A
B. UV C
C. UV B
D. UV D

A

C. UV B

57
Q

Which describes Invasion?
A. Alung cancer which has spread to the brain
B. both choices
C. superficial Skin cancer which infiltrated the deeper dermis
D. neither choice

A

B. both choices

58
Q

Epithelial malignancies includes the folowing, EXCEPT
A. squamous cell carcinoma
B. transitional cell carcinoma
C. Lung adenocarcinoma
D. osteosarcoma

A

D. osteosarcoma

59
Q

A 78. This cytokine si contributory for progressive loss of fat ni cancer patients
A. TNF
B. VEGF
.C IL6

A

A. TNF

60
Q

A single most important factor in wound healing.
A. infection B. early motion
C. foreign bodies D. size, of wound

A

A. infection

61
Q

TRUE of cardiac muscles.
A. quiescent cells C. permanent cells
B. labile cells D. stable cells

A

C. permanent cells

62
Q

Tisue repair where the injured cels are replaced yb hte same cel ytpe.
A. fibrosis C.. regeneration
fibroplasia D. secondary union

A

C.. regeneration

63
Q

transmigration

A

transmigration

64
Q

What si the pattern of inflammation seen ni blisters from burns?
A. serous inflammation C. suppurative inflammation
Bfibrinous inflammation

A

A. serous inflammation

65
Q

unidirectional migration of w hite blood cells to the site of injury.

A

chemotaxis

66
Q

Oxygen-independent bactericidal kiling mechanism.

A

lactoferrin

67
Q

In bacterial infections these inflammatory cels are mostly increased ni the peripheral circulation?

A

neutrophils

68
Q

Which best explains calor ni inflammation?
A. pain cytokines
B. swelling of the affected area
*C. loss cellular and tissue function
D. increased blood flow

A

D. increased blood flow

69
Q

What si the objective of an inflammatory reaction?
* A .to contain and isolate injurious agent and achieve healing
B. complement activation to effect membrane attack complex
C. activation of hemostasis to activate clot formation
D. to arrest dolor or pain in inflammation

A
  • A .to contain and isolate injurious agent and achieve healing
70
Q

Which best explains why inflammatory cells are seen in necrotic areas?
A. cells are fragmented
B. cellular contents leak out of the disrupted membrane .
C cellular swelling stimulates leukocyte migration

A

B. cellular contents leak out of the disrupted membrane .

71
Q

Caseation necrosis is typically seen in which of the following conditions?
A. systemic lupus erythematosus
B. tuberculosis
C. acute pancreatitis

A

B. tuberculosis

72
Q

Programmed cell death involving activation of caspase and undergo fragmentation of the cel.

A

necrosis

73
Q

Which of the following type of necrosis exemplifies autoimmune disease?
A. coagulative necrosis
B. fibrinoid necrosis
*C. gangrenous necrosis
D. fat necrosis

A

B. fibrinoid necrosis

74
Q

Which refers to the area of coagulation necrosis in ischemic injury?
*A. granuloma
B. gangrene
.C infarct

A

infarct

75
Q

In hemiplegia this is expected to occur in the muscles of affected side of the body. *

A

atrophy

76
Q

Which of the folowing conditions si consistent with physiologic hyperplasia?
A. breast enlarges at puberty
B. benign prostatic hyperplasia
C. k e l o i d
D. cirrhosis

A

A. breast enlarges at puberty

77
Q

Reversible cellular changes response to changes in the environment.
A. homeostasis
, B. adaptation
C. oxidative stress

A

, B. adaptation

78
Q

Which statement si consistent with reversible injury?
A. there is continuing cellular damage
B. persistence of damaging stimulus
C. early stages or mild forms of injury
* D. point of “no return”

A

C. early stages or mild forms of injury

79
Q

Structural alterations ni cels or tissues characteristic of adisease or diagnostic of an etiologic process.
A. Etiology
‹B. Pathogenesis
C. Molecular and Morphologic changes

A

C. Molecular and Morphologic changes

80
Q

The degree of dif ferentiation of ut mor cel ls and number of mitosis si
A. grading
B. staging
C. prognostication

A

A. grading

PATHOLOGY (15 decks)

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