Midterms: Respi Flashcards
Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity caused by a defect in the visceral pleura or chest wall
Pneumothorax
Type of cyanosis commonly caused by cold external temperature, anxiety, heart failure, or shock
Peripheral cyanosis
Most common cause of Pulmonary Embolism
deep vein thrombosis
Pattern of breathing characterized by repeated cycle of deep breathing followed by shallow breaths or cessation
of breathing
a. Biot
b. Apneustic
c. Cheyne-Stokes respiration
d. Kussmaul respiration
c. Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Pattern of pneumonia that involves one or both lungs at the level of the lobe
a. Bronchopneumonia
b. Lobar
b. Lobar
Type of Atelectasis associated with fibrotic changes in the lung or pleura
Contraction
Stage of pneumonia that is characterized by massive confluent exudation of red blood cells, neutrophils and
fibrin filling the alveolar spaces
Red hepatization
Tuberculosis is grossly characterized by
a. greenish plaque
b. frothy secretion
c. cheese-like necrosis
d. bloody mucus
c. cheese-like necrosis
Treatment for pneumonia caused by Histoplasmosis
Antifungal drugs
Type of Emphysema common in those with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
a. Panacinar
b. Paraseptal
c. Panlobular
d. Centrilobular
c. Panlobular
Which of the following statements is TRUE about Primary Tuberculosis?
a. Usually asymptomatic
b. Develops as a result of reinfection by the tubercle bacillus
c. Causes abnormalities in the upper lobes of one or both lungs
d. Most common form of clinical TB
a. Usually asymptomatic
The following are characterized by JAK2 gene mutation EXCEPT:
a. CML
b. Polycythemia vera
c. Essential thrombocythemia
a. CML
The following are treatment for COPD, EXCEPT
a. Antiinflammatory
b. Antibiotics
c. Anticholinergics
d. Beta-2 antagonists
d. Beta-2 antagonists
This refers to dyspnea when the person is lying down and is caused by redistribution of body water
a. Tachypnea
b. Tachycardia
c. Hemoptysis
d. Orthopnea
d. Orthopnea
Major risk factor for Pulmonary Embolism
a. immobility
b. congestive heart disease
c. oral contraceptives
d. COPD
a. immobility
The following findings are results of aging, EXCEPT
a. Lung surface area is reduced
b. Elastic recoil is decreased
c. Alveolar walls flatten
d. Chest wall compliant increases
d. Chest wall compliant increases
Majority of lung cancers are
a. Large cell carcinoma
b. Small cell carcinoma
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
d. Adenocarcinoma
d. Adenocarcinoma
Cause of Cystic Fibrosis
a. allergens
b. CTFR gene mutation
c. cigarette smoking
d. autoimmune disease
b. CTFR gene mutation
The most frequently affected joint in hemarthrosis associated with hemophilia is?
Knee joint
Primary area affected by Cystic Fibrosis
Bronchioles
Mechanism of Hypoxemia in Asthma
Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
Refers to couching of Blood
Hemoptysis
Refers to abnormal rapid breathing
Tachypnea
Clinical manifestation of Emphysema
a. Edema
b. All of the choices
c. Cyanosis
d. Barrel chest
d. Barrel chest1
Refers to irregular patterns of Deep and shallow breaths; fast, deep breaths; abrupt pauses in breathing
BIot
Refers to Cycle of deep breathing followed by shallow breaths of cessation
Chsyne-Strokes
Pattern of breathing by a cescendo; period of apnea and decrescendo pattern
Cheyne-Strokes
Stage of pneumonia that is characterized by vascular engorgement, few neutrophils and bacteria, and the lungs appear heavy, boggy, and red
Congestion
The following are individuals at risk for developing pneumonia EXCEPT:
a. w/AIDS
b. ion steroid therapy
c. malnourished
d. Immunocompetent
d. Immunocompetent
Secondary TB usually involves which part of the lungs?
upper
Primary Tb usually involves which part of the lungs?
Middle and Lower
Treatment for Tuberculosis
Isoniazid
Lung Abscess is diagnosed by
Chest x-ray
Common symptoms of Acute Bronchitis:
a. Sore throat
b. Crackle
c. Orthopnea
d. Hemoptysis
Sore throat
Most common type of(Emphysema) in smokers
Centrilobular
all are Common symptoms of Emphysema EXCERPT:
a. Barrel Chest
b. Cyanosis
c. Pursed lips
D. Thin physique
b. Cyanosis
Clinical manifestation of Chronic Bronchitis
Cyanosis
Asthmas characterized by
A. Alveolar overinflation and wall destruction
B. Airway inflammation and productive cough +
C. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness triggered by allergens
D. None of the choices
C. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness triggered by allergens
Most commonly diagnosed form of Sleep apnea that is characterized by repetitive episodes of arrest breathing for 10 secs or longer w/ventilation measures as 50% or less of normal
Obstructive sleep apnea
Systemic disease characterized by noncaseating granulomas present diffusely throughout the body
Sarcoidosis
Dry drowning is associated with
. laryngeal spasm
Occurs as a result of sternum or multiple rib fracture
Flail chest
Type of Atelectasis associated with complete airway obstruction and shifting of mediastinum towards
the atelectatic lung
Resorption
A form of acute respiratory failure after a systemic or pulmonary insult
ARDS
