Midterms: Respi Flashcards by Lili Popp

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity caused by a defect in the visceral pleura or chest wall

Pneumothorax

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Type of cyanosis commonly caused by cold external temperature, anxiety, heart failure, or shock

Peripheral cyanosis

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Most common cause of Pulmonary Embolism

deep vein thrombosis

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Pattern of breathing characterized by repeated cycle of deep breathing followed by shallow breaths or cessation
of breathing
a. Biot
b. Apneustic
c. Cheyne-Stokes respiration
d. Kussmaul respiration

c. Cheyne-Stokes respiration

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Pattern of pneumonia that involves one or both lungs at the level of the lobe
a. Bronchopneumonia
b. Lobar

b. Lobar

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Type of Atelectasis associated with fibrotic changes in the lung or pleura

Contraction

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Stage of pneumonia that is characterized by massive confluent exudation of red blood cells, neutrophils and
fibrin filling the alveolar spaces

Red hepatization

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Tuberculosis is grossly characterized by
a. greenish plaque
b. frothy secretion
c. cheese-like necrosis
d. bloody mucus

c. cheese-like necrosis

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Treatment for pneumonia caused by Histoplasmosis

Antifungal drugs

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Type of Emphysema common in those with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
a. Panacinar
b. Paraseptal
c. Panlobular
d. Centrilobular

c. Panlobular

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Which of the following statements is TRUE about Primary Tuberculosis?
a. Usually asymptomatic 
b. Develops as a result of reinfection by the tubercle bacillus
c. Causes abnormalities in the upper lobes of one or both lungs
d. Most common form of clinical TB

a. Usually asymptomatic

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The following are characterized by JAK2 gene mutation EXCEPT:
a. CML
b. Polycythemia vera
c. Essential thrombocythemia

a. CML

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The following are treatment for COPD, EXCEPT
a. Antiinflammatory 
b. Antibiotics
c. Anticholinergics
d. Beta-2 antagonists

d. Beta-2 antagonists

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This refers to dyspnea when the person is lying down and is caused by redistribution of body water
a. Tachypnea
b. Tachycardia
c. Hemoptysis
d. Orthopnea

d. Orthopnea

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Major risk factor for Pulmonary Embolism
a. immobility
b. congestive heart disease
c. oral contraceptives
d. COPD

a. immobility

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The following findings are results of aging, EXCEPT
a. Lung surface area is reduced
b. Elastic recoil is decreased 
c. Alveolar walls flatten
d. Chest wall compliant increases

d. Chest wall compliant increases

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Majority of lung cancers are
a. Large cell carcinoma
b. Small cell carcinoma
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
d. Adenocarcinoma

d. Adenocarcinoma

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Cause of Cystic Fibrosis
a. allergens
b. CTFR gene mutation
c. cigarette smoking 
d. autoimmune disease

b. CTFR gene mutation

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The most frequently affected joint in hemarthrosis associated with hemophilia is?

Knee joint

Primary area affected by Cystic Fibrosis

Bronchioles

Mechanism of Hypoxemia in Asthma

Ventilation-perfusion mismatch

Refers to couching of Blood

Hemoptysis

Refers to abnormal rapid breathing

Tachypnea

Clinical manifestation of Emphysema
a. Edema
b. All of the choices
c. Cyanosis
d. Barrel chest

d. Barrel chest1

Refers to irregular patterns of Deep and shallow breaths; fast, deep breaths; abrupt pauses in breathing

BIot

Refers to Cycle of deep breathing followed by shallow breaths of cessation

Chsyne-Strokes

Pattern of breathing by a cescendo; period of apnea and decrescendo pattern

Cheyne-Strokes

Stage of pneumonia that is characterized by vascular engorgement, few neutrophils and bacteria, and the lungs appear heavy, boggy, and red

Congestion

The following are individuals at risk for developing pneumonia EXCEPT: a. w/AIDS b. ion steroid therapy c. malnourished d. Immunocompetent

d. Immunocompetent

Secondary TB usually involves which part of the lungs?

upper

Primary Tb usually involves which part of the lungs?

Middle and Lower

Treatment for Tuberculosis

Isoniazid

Lung Abscess is diagnosed by

Chest x-ray

Common symptoms of Acute Bronchitis: a. Sore throat b. Crackle c. Orthopnea d. Hemoptysis

Sore throat

Most common type of(Emphysema) in smokers

Centrilobular

all are Common symptoms of Emphysema EXCERPT: a. Barrel Chest b. Cyanosis c. Pursed lips D. Thin physique

b. Cyanosis

Clinical manifestation of Chronic Bronchitis

Cyanosis

Asthmas characterized by A. Alveolar overinflation and wall destruction B. Airway inflammation and productive cough + C. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness triggered by allergens D. None of the choices

C. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness triggered by allergens

Most commonly diagnosed form of Sleep apnea that is characterized by repetitive episodes of arrest breathing for 10 secs or longer w/ventilation measures as 50% or less of normal

Obstructive sleep apnea

Systemic disease characterized by noncaseating granulomas present diffusely throughout the body

Sarcoidosis

Dry drowning is associated with

. laryngeal spasm

Occurs as a result of sternum or multiple rib fracture

Flail chest

Type of Atelectasis associated with complete airway obstruction and shifting of mediastinum towards the atelectatic lung

Resorption

A form of acute respiratory failure after a systemic or pulmonary insult

ARDS