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PATHOLOGY > Finals: Renal & Repro > Flashcards

Finals: Renal & Repro Flashcards

1
Q

The most important prognostic factor for invasive breast carcinoma among the given choices would be:
A. Lymphovascular invasion
B. Lymph node metastases
C. Tumor size
D. Histologic grade

A

B. Lymph node metastases

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2
Q

Highest risk in the development of breast carcinoma would be:
A. Alcohol consumption
B. Two first degree relatives with breast cancer
C. High endogenous estrogen
D. Dense breast seen on mammogram

A

D. Dense breast seen on mammogram

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2
Q

The dominant pathway in the development of breast carcinoma would be:
A ER positive and HER2 negative
B. HER2 positive and ER negative
C. ER negative and HER2 negative

A

A ER positive and HER2 negative

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2
Q

Which of the following is a sex cord stromal tumor of the ovary?
A. Serous cystadenoma
B. Granulosa tumor
C. Teratoma
D. Kruckenberg tumor

A

C. Teratoma

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2
Q

Breast lesion with the least risk of breast malignancy would be:
A. Fibrocystic change
B. Sclerosing adenosis
C. Papilloma
D. Fibroadenoma with complex features

A

A. Fibrocystic change

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2
Q

Risk of hormonal replacement therapy
A. Increased risk for breast cancer
B Increased risk of colon cancer
C. Improves blood pressure
D. Early progression of Alzheimer disease

A

A. Increased risk for breast cancer

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2
Q

Manifestation/s of erectile dysfuction would be:
A. longer time to reach orgasm
B. decreased force of ejaculation
C. less firm erections
D. all of the given choices

A

D. all of the given choices

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2
Q

High grade squamous intrapithelial lesion (HSIL) is equivalent to:
CIN 1
CIN 2
CIN3
CIN 2 & CIN 3

A

CIN 2 & CIN 3

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2
Q

Most common ovarian malignancy would be:
A. Serous carcinoma
B. Immature teratoma
C. Mucinous carcinoma
D. Kruckenberg tumor

A

D. Kruckenberg tumor

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2
Q

The following are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, EXCEPT
A. Endometriosis
B. Pelvic inflammatory disease
C. Appendicitis
D. Hemorrhoids

A

D. Hemorrhoids

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2
Q

The following are risk factors for urinary incontinence, EXCEPT:
A. Tobacco use
B. Diabetes
C. Young age
D. Caucasian (white)

A

C. Young age

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2
Q

Which of the following is TRUE of seminoma?
A. Never occur in infant
B. Positive for AFP
C. Associated with Turner’s syndrome
D. Increased risk with inguinal hernia

A

A. Never occur in infant

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2
Q

Which of the following is TRUE of seminoma?
A. Never occur in infant
B. Positive for AFP
C. Associated with Turner’s syndrome
D. Increased risk with inguinal hernia

A

A. Never occur in infant

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2
Q

Which of the following conditions manifest with abnormal opening on dorsal aspect?
A. Epispadia
B. Hypospadia
C. Phimosis
D. Agenesis

A

A. Epispadia

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2
Q

The most common sign of bladder cancer is:
A. Painless hematuria
B. Palpable mass
Anuria secondary to obstruction
D. Frequency and dysuria

A

A. Painless hematuria

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2
Q

High grade squamous intrapithelial lesion (HSIL) is equivalent to:
CIN 1
CIN 2
CIN3
CIN 2 & CIN 3

A

CIN 2 & CIN 3

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2
Q

Manifestation/s of erectile dysfuction would be:
A. longer time to reach orgasm
B. decreased force of ejaculation
C. less firm erections
D. all of the given choices

A

D. all of the given choices

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2
Q

Which of the following tumor is most common in adults?
a. Astrocytoma
b. Medulloblastoma
c. Glioblastoma
d. Meningioma

A

a. Astrocytoma

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2
Q

The following are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, EXCEPT
A. Endometriosis
B. Pelvic inflammatory disease
C. Appendicitis
D. Hemorrhoids

A

D. Hemorrhoids

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2
Q

Which of the following is a Nephritic syndrome?
A. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
B. Crescentic glomerulonephritis
C. Minimal change disease

A

B. Crescentic glomerulonephritis

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2
Q

Most common type of stone?

A

Uric Acid

2
Q
A
2
Q

Prostatic cancer usually arise in the __ zone.
A. Transitional
B. Peripheral
C. Periurethral
D. Central

A

Peripheral

2
Q

Risk of hormonal replacement therapy
A. Increased risk for breast cancer
B Increased risk of colon cancer
C. Improves blood pressure
D. Early progression of Alzheimer disease

A

A. Increased risk for breast cancer

2
Q

The following are Classification for Neurogenic bladder syndrome, EXCEPT
A. Bors-Comarr
B Urodynamic
c. Lapides
D. Gleasons

A

D. Gleasons

3
Q

Most common cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome would be:
A. Minimal change disease
B. Membranous glomerulopathy
C. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
D. Focal Segmental glomerulosclerosis

A

A. Minimal change disease

3
Q

This lesion is characterized by having multiple cystic dilatation of collecting ducts in medulla with unknown pathogenesis. The lesion is most probably:
A. Medullary sponge kidney
B. Nephrophthisis
Adult onset medullary cystic disease

A

A. Medullary sponge kidney

3
Q

The following are risk factors for urinary incontinence, EXCEPT:
a. Obesity
b. High fluid intake
c. Diabetes
d. Depression

A

b. High fluid intake

3
Q

Which of the following is a germ cell tumor of the ovary?
a. Teratoma
b. Granulosa tumor
c. Serous cystadenoma
d. Kruckenberg tumor

A

Teratoma

3
Q

. The most important prognostic factor for invasive breast carcinoma would be:
a. Lymph node metastases
b. Tumor size
c. Distant metastases
d. Histologic grade

A

c. Distant metastases

3
Q

Which of the following intraspinal tumor is intradural extramedullary?
a. Metastatic tumors
b. Schwannoma
c. Ependymoma
d. Chordoma

A

b. Schwannoma

3
Q

A procedure that measures the volume of urine released from the body, the speed with which it is released, and how long the release takes would be:
A. Cystometry
B. Cystography
C. Uroflowmetry
D. Urodynamic study

A

C. Uroflowmetry

3
Q

The following are risk factors of urinary incontinence EXCEPT:
A. Increased BMI
B. Depression
C. Asian race
D. Diabetes

A

C. Asian race

3
Q

Which of the following diseases frequently presents as nephritic syndrome?
A Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
C. Minimal change disease
B. Membranous nephropathy
D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

A

A Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

3
Q

Large staghorn calculi secondary to bacterial infection is mostly composed of:
A. Magnesium ammonium phosphate
C. Monosodium glutamate
B. Calcium
D. Uric acid

A

A. Magnesium ammonium phosphate

3
Q

In chronic kidney disease, a glomerular filtration rate of 45 to 59mL/min is Stage
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

A

C. 3

3
Q

Cystic lesion of the kidney brought about by abnormal metanephric differentiation leading to persistence of abnormal structure would be:
A. Adult Polycystic kidney disease
C. Childhood Polycystic kidney disease
B. Renal cortical cyst
D. Multicystic renal dysplasia

A

D. Multicystic renal dysplasia

3
Q

The most common etiologic agent in acute pyelonephritis would be:
A. Proteus
B. Klebsiella
C. S. aureus
D. E. coli

A

D. E. coli

3
Q

Testicular tissue having numerous neutrophilic infiltration is called:
A.Epydidymitis
B. Orchitis
C. Urethritis
D. Prostatitis

A

B. Orchitis

3
Q

The most common germinal tumor of the testis is:
A. Squamous cell carcinoma
B. Seminoma
C. Embryonal carcinoma
D. Yolk sac tumor

A

B. Seminoma

4
Q

Risk factor associated with penile cancer would be:
A. Circumcision
B. Alcoholism
C. CMV infection
D. Cigarette smoking

A

D. Cigarette smoking

5
Q

Manifestation/s of erectile dysfunction would be:
A. need for more physical stimulation to induce an erection
B. shorter time to reach orgasm
C. increased force of ejaculation
D. All of the given choices

A

A. need for more physical stimulation to induce an erection

5
Q

Abnormal opening on the dorsal aspect of the penis is:
A Hypospadia
B. Epispadia
C. Phimosis
D. Balanoposthitis

A

B. Epispadia

5
Q

The etiologic agent of pelvic inflammatory disease associated with child birth is:
A. Staphylococcus
B. Gonococcus
C. Chlamydia
D. Clostridium perfringens

A

A. Staphylococcus

5
Q

. Prostatic Specific Antigen is important in the diagnosis of Prostatic cancer.
A.True
B. False

A

B. False

5
Q

Uterine tumor composed of wholed bundles of interlacing smooth muscle cells, no atypia and rare mitotic figures is:
A. Leiomyoma
B. Endometrial polyp
C. Adenomyosis
D. Endometrial carcinoma

A

A. Leiomyoma

6
Q

Type 1 endometrial carcinoma usually arise from:
A. Atrophy
B. Metaplasia
C) Hyperplasia
D. Hypertrophy

A

C) Hyperplasia

6
Q

The most common ovarian malignancy would be:
A. Endometrioid carcinoma
C. Immature teratoma
B. Serous carcinoma
D. Mucinous carcinoma

A

B. Serous carcinoma

7
Q

. A 25 year old female with 1 x 1 right breast mass. Excision biopsy revealed numerous vary sized lobules some are cystically dilated lined by flattened epithelium in a background of fibroblastic stroma. Diagnosis would be:
A. complex sclerosing lesion
C. fibrocystic disease
B. sclerosing adenosis
D. papilloma

A

C. fibrocystic disease

8
Q

. The American Cancer Society,mammography recommendation for early breast cancer detection in women without breast symptoms would start at age:
A. 30
B. 35
C 40
D. 45

A

C 40

PATHOLOGY (15 decks)

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