Finals: Renal & Repro Flashcards by Lili Popp

The most important prognostic factor for invasive breast carcinoma among the given choices would be:
A. Lymphovascular invasion
B. Lymph node metastases
C. Tumor size
D. Histologic grade

B. Lymph node metastases

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Highest risk in the development of breast carcinoma would be:
A. Alcohol consumption
B. Two first degree relatives with breast cancer
C. High endogenous estrogen
D. Dense breast seen on mammogram

D. Dense breast seen on mammogram

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The dominant pathway in the development of breast carcinoma would be:
A ER positive and HER2 negative
B. HER2 positive and ER negative
C. ER negative and HER2 negative

A ER positive and HER2 negative

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Which of the following is a sex cord stromal tumor of the ovary?
A. Serous cystadenoma
B. Granulosa tumor
C. Teratoma
D. Kruckenberg tumor

C. Teratoma

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Breast lesion with the least risk of breast malignancy would be:
A. Fibrocystic change
B. Sclerosing adenosis
C. Papilloma
D. Fibroadenoma with complex features

A. Fibrocystic change

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Risk of hormonal replacement therapy
A. Increased risk for breast cancer
B Increased risk of colon cancer
C. Improves blood pressure
D. Early progression of Alzheimer disease

A. Increased risk for breast cancer

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Manifestation/s of erectile dysfuction would be:
A. longer time to reach orgasm
B. decreased force of ejaculation
C. less firm erections
D. all of the given choices

D. all of the given choices

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High grade squamous intrapithelial lesion (HSIL) is equivalent to:
CIN 1
CIN 2
CIN3
CIN 2 & CIN 3

CIN 2 & CIN 3

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Most common ovarian malignancy would be:
A. Serous carcinoma
B. Immature teratoma
C. Mucinous carcinoma
D. Kruckenberg tumor

D. Kruckenberg tumor

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The following are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, EXCEPT
A. Endometriosis
B. Pelvic inflammatory disease
C. Appendicitis
D. Hemorrhoids

D. Hemorrhoids

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The following are risk factors for urinary incontinence, EXCEPT:
A. Tobacco use
B. Diabetes
C. Young age
D. Caucasian (white)

C. Young age

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Which of the following is TRUE of seminoma?
A. Never occur in infant
B. Positive for AFP
C. Associated with Turner’s syndrome
D. Increased risk with inguinal hernia

A. Never occur in infant

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Which of the following is TRUE of seminoma?
A. Never occur in infant
B. Positive for AFP
C. Associated with Turner’s syndrome
D. Increased risk with inguinal hernia

A. Never occur in infant

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Which of the following conditions manifest with abnormal opening on dorsal aspect?
A. Epispadia
B. Hypospadia
C. Phimosis
D. Agenesis

A. Epispadia

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The most common sign of bladder cancer is:
A. Painless hematuria
B. Palpable mass
Anuria secondary to obstruction
D. Frequency and dysuria

A. Painless hematuria

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High grade squamous intrapithelial lesion (HSIL) is equivalent to:
CIN 1
CIN 2
CIN3
CIN 2 & CIN 3

CIN 2 & CIN 3

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Manifestation/s of erectile dysfuction would be:
A. longer time to reach orgasm
B. decreased force of ejaculation
C. less firm erections
D. all of the given choices

D. all of the given choices

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Which of the following tumor is most common in adults?
a. Astrocytoma
b. Medulloblastoma
c. Glioblastoma
d. Meningioma

a. Astrocytoma

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The following are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, EXCEPT
A. Endometriosis
B. Pelvic inflammatory disease
C. Appendicitis
D. Hemorrhoids

D. Hemorrhoids

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Which of the following is a Nephritic syndrome?
A. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
B. Crescentic glomerulonephritis
C. Minimal change disease

B. Crescentic glomerulonephritis

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Most common type of stone?

Uric Acid

Prostatic cancer usually arise in the __ zone.
A. Transitional
B. Peripheral
C. Periurethral
D. Central

Peripheral

Risk of hormonal replacement therapy
A. Increased risk for breast cancer
B Increased risk of colon cancer
C. Improves blood pressure
D. Early progression of Alzheimer disease

A. Increased risk for breast cancer

The following are Classification for Neurogenic bladder syndrome, EXCEPT A. Bors-Comarr B Urodynamic c. Lapides D. Gleasons

D. Gleasons

Most common cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome would be: A. Minimal change disease B. Membranous glomerulopathy C. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis D. Focal Segmental glomerulosclerosis

A. Minimal change disease

This lesion is characterized by having multiple cystic dilatation of collecting ducts in medulla with unknown pathogenesis. The lesion is most probably: A. Medullary sponge kidney B. Nephrophthisis Adult onset medullary cystic disease

A. Medullary sponge kidney

The following are risk factors for urinary incontinence, EXCEPT: a. Obesity b. High fluid intake c. Diabetes d. Depression

b. High fluid intake

Which of the following is a germ cell tumor of the ovary? a. Teratoma b. Granulosa tumor c. Serous cystadenoma d. Kruckenberg tumor

Teratoma

. The most important prognostic factor for invasive breast carcinoma would be: a. Lymph node metastases b. Tumor size c. Distant metastases d. Histologic grade

c. Distant metastases

Which of the following intraspinal tumor is intradural extramedullary? a. Metastatic tumors b. Schwannoma c. Ependymoma d. Chordoma

b. Schwannoma

A procedure that measures the volume of urine released from the body, the speed with which it is released, and how long the release takes would be: A. Cystometry B. Cystography C. Uroflowmetry D. Urodynamic study

C. Uroflowmetry

The following are risk factors of urinary incontinence EXCEPT: A. Increased BMI B. Depression C. Asian race D. Diabetes

C. Asian race

Which of the following diseases frequently presents as nephritic syndrome? A Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis C. Minimal change disease B. Membranous nephropathy D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

A Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Large staghorn calculi secondary to bacterial infection is mostly composed of: A. Magnesium ammonium phosphate C. Monosodium glutamate B. Calcium D. Uric acid

A. Magnesium ammonium phosphate

In chronic kidney disease, a glomerular filtration rate of 45 to 59mL/min is Stage A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

C. 3

Cystic lesion of the kidney brought about by abnormal metanephric differentiation leading to persistence of abnormal structure would be: A. Adult Polycystic kidney disease C. Childhood Polycystic kidney disease B. Renal cortical cyst D. Multicystic renal dysplasia

D. Multicystic renal dysplasia

The most common etiologic agent in acute pyelonephritis would be: A. Proteus B. Klebsiella C. S. aureus D. E. coli

D. E. coli

Testicular tissue having numerous neutrophilic infiltration is called: A.Epydidymitis B. Orchitis C. Urethritis D. Prostatitis

B. Orchitis

The most common germinal tumor of the testis is: A. Squamous cell carcinoma B. Seminoma C. Embryonal carcinoma D. Yolk sac tumor

B. Seminoma

Risk factor associated with penile cancer would be: A. Circumcision B. Alcoholism C. CMV infection D. Cigarette smoking

D. Cigarette smoking

Manifestation/s of erectile dysfunction would be: A. need for more physical stimulation to induce an erection B. shorter time to reach orgasm C. increased force of ejaculation D. All of the given choices

A. need for more physical stimulation to induce an erection

Abnormal opening on the dorsal aspect of the penis is: A Hypospadia B. Epispadia C. Phimosis D. Balanoposthitis

B. Epispadia

The etiologic agent of pelvic inflammatory disease associated with child birth is: A. Staphylococcus B. Gonococcus C. Chlamydia D. Clostridium perfringens

A. Staphylococcus

. Prostatic Specific Antigen is important in the diagnosis of Prostatic cancer. A.True B. False

B. False

Uterine tumor composed of wholed bundles of interlacing smooth muscle cells, no atypia and rare mitotic figures is: A. Leiomyoma B. Endometrial polyp C. Adenomyosis D. Endometrial carcinoma

A. Leiomyoma

Type 1 endometrial carcinoma usually arise from: A. Atrophy B. Metaplasia C) Hyperplasia D. Hypertrophy

C) Hyperplasia

The most common ovarian malignancy would be: A. Endometrioid carcinoma C. Immature teratoma B. Serous carcinoma D. Mucinous carcinoma

B. Serous carcinoma

. A 25 year old female with 1 x 1 right breast mass. Excision biopsy revealed numerous vary sized lobules some are cystically dilated lined by flattened epithelium in a background of fibroblastic stroma. Diagnosis would be: A. complex sclerosing lesion C. fibrocystic disease B. sclerosing adenosis D. papilloma

C. fibrocystic disease

. The American Cancer Society,mammography recommendation for early breast cancer detection in women without breast symptoms would start at age: A. 30 B. 35 C 40 D. 45

C 40