Prelims exams (2023) Flashcards
Essential amino acids
A. From the diet because it cannot be synthesized by the body.
With which of the four complexes in the electron transport chain is FADH2 needed as a reactant
A. Complex II
PH: 7.29
PaCO2: 33
HCO3:19
Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
A 26 yrs old gave birth to a healthy term infant, overnight hypoglycemia and ketonemia developed on the 2nd and 3rd trimester. Liver biopsy revealed decreased hepatic glycogen and mutation analysis showed mutation in glycogen synthase. What specific glycogen storage disease is presented in this case?
Glycogen storage disease type 0
Salt Bridges:
A. 2-4 angstrom
B. Connection something
C. Comparable in strength to hydrogen bond
D. Comparable in strength to covalent bond.
C. Comparable in strength to hydrogen bond
How does cAMP regulate glycogenolysis and glycogenesis?
Simultaneously activates phosphorylase and deactivates Glycogen synthase.
Cytochrome which is soluble and readily extractable from the mitochondrial membrane.
A. Cytochrome A
B. Cytochrome C
C. Cytochrome B
D. Cytochrome aa3
B. Cytochrome C
Process/Step that produces FADH2
Succinate to Fumarate
Fill in the missing substances in the following electron transport chain sequence reaction.
FMNH2; 2Fe(II)SP; CoQH2
Which of the following does not occur in RBCs?
A. Beta oxidation of Fatty Acids
B. PPP
C. Glycolysis
D. Fatty acid synthesis
A. Beta oxidation of Fatty Acids
Which of the following is an example of inhibitor for the complex III in ETC?
A. Cyanide
B. Antimycin A
C. Hydrogen Sulfide
D. Barbiturates
B. Antimycin A
- The Px was diagnosed having 2,4- Dinitrophenyl poisoning. (Dinitrophenol- example of uncouplers)
A. Inhibition of Complex I
B. Inhibition of Complex IV
C. Increased permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane to protons
D. Blocking the flow of protons thru ATP synthase
C. Increased permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane to protons
Prosthetic Group of Peroxidases
Protoheme
- Which statement is true about BMI? It is computed as:
A. Kg/cm2
B. Cm2/Kg
C. lb/m2
D. Kg/m2
D. Kg/m2
Vitamin needed in succinyl dehydrogenase
Riboflavin
- Pompe disease- What enzyme determined in the latter test?
Acid Alpha Glucosidase
Process if you eat a carbohydrate rich meal and excess ________ is taken away from blood and stored in tissues via _________.
Glucose, Glycogenesis
- Protein phosphatase-1 catalyzes?
A. Dephosphorylation of phosphorylase a
B. Dephosphorylation of phosphorylase b
C. Dephosphorylation of Glycogen Synthase A
D. Phosphorylation of phosphorylase b
A. Dephosphorylation of phosphorylase a
- Greatest source of High Energy Phosphate
A. TCA
B. Oxidative Phosphorylation
C. Glycolysis
D. PPP
B. Oxidative Phosphorylation
- The system is at equilibrium and no net change takes place:
A. ΔG is zero
B. ΔG is positive
C. ΔG is negative
A. ΔG is zero
- Isoenzyme present in the liver that increases the concentration of G6P as the concentration of glucose increases
A. PEP Carboxylase
B. Pyruvate Synthase
C. Hexokinase
C. Hexokinase
DM type 2
Impaired sensitivity of tissues to insulin action
Linkage between Glucose units catalyzed by Glycogen Synthase:
A. Alpha 1-6
B. Beta 1-4
C. Alpha 1-4
C. Alpha 1-4
Rate Limiting step in Glycogenolysis
Glycogen phosphorylase
Insulin response
Vesicles containing GLUT4 fuse with plasma membrane
Cofactor of COA:
A. Riboflavin
B. Niacin
C. Thiamine
D. Pantothenic Acid
D. Pantothenic Acid
- Intermediate carrier of electron from acyl COA dehydrogenase to respiratory chain
A. NAD linked dehydrogenase
B. FAD linked Dehydrogenase
C. Electron Transport Flavoprotein
C. Electron Transport Flavoprotein
2FADH2 produces how many ATP?
A. 1.5 mol ATP
B. 2.5 mol ATP
C. 3 mol ATP
D. 5 mol ATP
C. 3 mol ATP
Final acceptor of electron in Electron Transport Chain
Oxygen
Which part of the cycle uses magnesium?
Oxalosuccinate decarboxylation to A-ketoglutarate
Non-essential amino acids are:
A. Supplied in the diet because the body cannot synthesize it on its own
B. Supplied via transamination within the body
B. Supplied via transamination within the body
Removal of Hydrogen. Oxygen as hydrogen acceptor
Oxidase
- Physical activity increases metabolic rate by how many percent?
A. 20%-30%
B. 30%-40%
C. 40%-50%
D. 50%-60%
C. 40%-50%
State where respiration increases:
State 3
(increased respiration occurs in state 3 and 5, state 5 wala sa choices. Resting state is State 4.)
Notes:
-Conditions limiting the rate of respiration:
State 1- Availability of ADP & substrate.
State2 – Availability of Substrate only.
State 3- Capacity of respiratory chain itself
State 4- Availability of ADP only
State 5- Availability of 02
Dielectric constant of H20
78.5
Site of G6P activity:
A. Mitochondria
B. Cell Membrane
C. ER
D. Cytoplasm
D. Cytoplasm
In malate transport, due to this compound’s impermeability, it needs to bind with glutamate to form aspartate.
A. A-ketoglutarate
B. Oxaloacetate
C. Malate
D. Glycerophosphate
B. Oxaloacetate
True of amylopectin
A. Linear
B. Linked by Alpha-1,6
C. Branches every 10-12 glucose units
D. Linked by Alpha-1,4
B. Linked by Alpha-1,6
Brain metabolizes ketone bodies to meet _______ of its energy requirement while the rest is supplied by glucose.
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 40%
B. 20%
Active glycogen synthase
Dephosphorylated
Primary compensation of Metabolic Alkalosis
Increase CO2
Arsenic poisoning
Inhibit Succinyl COA formation
accumulation: of A-Ketoglutarate
Ketogenic Amino Acid
A. Leucine
B. Isoleucine
C. Phenyl
D. Tyrosine
A. Leucine
Px has Rhabdomyolysis, high Creatine Phosphokinase;
Tested negative for phosphofructokinase (substrate used sa test is Fructose-6-phosphate) but tested positive when the substrate used was Fructose-6-biphosphate
Tarui
Glycogenin
Forms glycogen primer
Gives rise to both Acetyl COA and intermediates that can be used for Gluconeogenesis.
Tyrosine
Which is true about phosphatase 1?
It is inhibited by inhibitor-1, which is activated after it is phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent kinase
Glucose-1-phosphate attaches with what to form the active nucleotide UDPG1c?
Uridine triphosphate
DM type 1
Impaired synthesis of Insulin
Energy needed to break the hydrogen bond between water:
A. 3.5
B. 4.5
C. 5.3
D. 5.4
B. 4.5
- Energy requirements to break bonds of H20:
- 4.5 Kcal/mol= hydrogen bond between water molecules
- 110Kcal/mol= Covalent bond of O-H within the H20 molecule
(Case) Indicative of Glycogen Storage Disease type III. Liver biopsy results should show:
D. Accumulation of characteristic branched polysaccharide.
