OWEL EVALS PRELIMS (2022) Flashcards
What is true about pH?
Negative log of Hydrogen
ion concentration
What is true about bases?
dissociates completely even
at high PH
Possible isomers of glycoside with 5
chiral carbon?
32
Etiology of metabolic acidosis
Diarrhea
Water is an
excellent nucleophile
What is true about
glycosaminoglycan?
Attached to protein
molecule from
proteoglycan
Angle of water
105 degrees
What is the primary compensation of
respiratory acidosis?
metabolic alkalosis
(increase pH, increase
HCO3)
What is the primary compensation of
metabolic acidosis?
respiratory alkalosis
decrease CO2
Which has molybdenum and
plays important role in converting
purine to uric acid?
Xanthine oxidase
What is the dielectric constant
of water?
78.5
What is the prosthetic group of
glutathione peroxidase?
Selenium
wo glucose molecules (alpha
1,1)
Trehalose
Coulomb’s Law
soul searching nalng sa book daw
Entire complement of sugar of
an organism
Glycome
Same molecular formula as
glucose with keto group position 2?
Fructose
Which of the ff has low GI
Vegetable
Which is true about glycolysis?
Irreversible step
Which is the greatest
quantitative source in aerobic
organisms?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Which helps/works with
invertebrate muscle
Arginine phosphate
Which of the ff is true about
acids?
Proton donors
What do you call glucose
epimer at carbon 2?
D-mannose
Glucose epimer at Carbon 4?
D-galactose
Uses hydrogen as an electron
donor and acceptor
Catalase
Catalyze the removal of H ion
from substrate using oxygen as
hydrogen acceptor?
Oxidases
Under most conditions in Vivo,
the activity seems to be favored?
Catalase
Proteins that bind specific
glycosyl residues
Lectins
Which is true about entropy?
Max as equilibrium is
approached
Superoxidase dismutase removes/protects organisms against superoxide. T or F?
Throw
First law of thermodynamics
Energy of a system can only
be
transferred/transformed
Intermediate is acetyl coa
Leucine
Ketogenic a.a
Leucine
Driving force for proton
enters ATP synthase to
produce atp
Fi has ___beta and ___ alpha
3 beta and 3 alpha
Vit for succinate
dehydrogenase:
Niacin
Non essential a.a produced by
body by
transamination
Essential a.a can be acq thru
Diet
If there is dec in insulin,
lipgenesis and gluconeogenesis will
inc
False
Uncouplers are:
brown adipose tissue that
functions to generate body
heat
Physical metabolic act increases
metaboloc rate by
40-50%
Breakdown of tag to fatty acid
Lipoprotein lipase
True of chylomicrons
cannot be taken up by liver
When fatty acid is hydrolyzed it
is directly taken up by the brain or
erythrocytes
False
What enzyme catalyzes
anaplerotic reaction from pyruvate to
oxaloacetate
Pyruvate carboxylase
how many atps will be
produced of the reducing eq in 1cycle
of atp up to respiratory chain
9 ATP
intermediates of Acetyl COA
and gluconeogenesis are the ff except:
Threonine
Total number of atp produced
in the matrix
25 ATP
inhibits oxidative
phosphorylation by inhibiting thetransporter of ADP into and ATP out
of the mitochondrion
Atractyloside
Direct reduction of
Ubiquinone(Q) by succinate
dehydrogenase
complex 2
Substrate that combines with
Acetyl CoA for citric acid cycle to
proceed
Oxaloacetate
Co factors of alpha
ketoglutarate
aota (COA, NAD thiamine
diphosphate etc)
Oxidation of one QH2
coupled to the reduction of
two molecules of
cytochrome c
activates glycogen
phosphorylase
Glucagon
Availability of ADP ONLY
State 4
Resting state
Flavin nucleotides
Complex 1&2
Malate dehydrogenase
requirement
Niacin
What does not occur in
erythrocytes
B-oxidation of FA
Creatine phosphate shuttle
transport of high energy
phosphate
Inhibited by
Malonate/Malonate will accumulate
this enzyme
Succinate dehydrogenase
cannot be synthesized by
body thus must be supplied
in the diet
Essential amino acids
can be synthesized by the
body
Non-essential amino acids
Total ATP in the mitochondrial
matrix
25
Amino acid that will produce
acetyl CoA only/purely ketogenic
Lysine/Leucine
Oxidation of reducing equivalents will give a total ATP in
citric acid cycle of
Resting state
Availability of ADP only
(State 4)
Physical activity increases basal
metabolic rate by
40-50%
Erythrocytes are purely
dependent on
PPP
Uses Acetyl COA as substrate
Citrate synthase
Protein metabolism in fasting
state
0.2/20%
Vitamin needed for electron
acceptor of malate dehydrogenase
Niacin
True of uncouplers
Found in brown adipose
tissue
Which doesn’t occur in RBCs
betaoxidation
True of glucagon
vactivates glycogen
phosphorylase in the liver
True of succinate
dehydrogenase
contains FAD and Fe-S
Lack of insulin leads to
gluconeogenesis
true or false
Throw
True of creatinine phosphate
shuttle
transfer of high energy
phosphate from
mitochondria
Proton motive force:
drives ATP synthesis
True of Acetyl-Coa from betaoxidation
can be used to synthesize
acetone and acetoacetate
True of chylomicrons
not directly taken up by the
liver
Key enzyme that catalyzes net
transfer out of TCA into
gluconeogenesis
phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxykinase
Enzyme that directly reduces
ubiquinone
succinate dehydrogenase
True of Fe-S proteins
found in complexes I, II and
III
NAD as electron acceptor
Malate dehydrogenase
T or F: Fatty acids from lipolysis
are directly taken up by the brain and
rbc
falls
Sites of regulation for TCA
citrate synthase and
pyruvate dehydrogenase
Mechanism of ATP synthase
F1 has 3 alpha and 3 beta
subunits that do not rotate
