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HISTOLOGY > PRELIM: CONNECTIVE TISSUE > Flashcards

PRELIM: CONNECTIVE TISSUE Flashcards

1
Q

Caused by deletions of a copy of 25-27 genes on chromosome 7 affecting the elastin gene among others

A

WILLIAMS-BEUREN SYNDROME (WBS)

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2
Q

-Most common in all connective tissue
-Synthesize and secretes collagen and elastin, large fibers, GAG’s, Proteoglycans and multiadhesive glycoproteins comprise the Ground substance

A

FIBROBLASTS

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3
Q

Involves in wound healing

A

FIBROBLASTS

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4
Q

Fibroblasts synthesize and secretes __________

A

collagen and elastin

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5
Q

Fibroblast target many families of proteins called

A

Growth factor

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6
Q

well-developed contractile function and are enriched with a form of actin also found in smooth muscle cells.

A

Myofibroblast

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7
Q

Found in the connective tissue of many organs.

Specialized for cytoplasmic storage of lipid as neutral fats, or less commonly for the production of heat.

A

Adipocytes

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8
Q

Tissue with a large population of adipocyte.

A

ADIPOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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9
Q

have highly developed phagocytic ability and specialize in turnover of protein fibers and removal of apoptotic cells, tissue debris, or other particulate materials.

A

Macrophages

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10
Q

Present in connective tissue of most organs and Pathologist called it as

A

Histiocytes

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11
Q

formed in the yolk sac during early embryonic development circulate and become resident in developing organs.

A

MONOCYTE

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12
Q

group of related cells

A

MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM

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13
Q

Blood

A

Monocyte

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14
Q

Connective tissue, lymphoid organs, lungs bone manow, pleural and peritoneal cavities

A

Macrophage

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15
Q

Liver (perisinusoidal)

A

Kupffer cell

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16
Q

Central nervous system

A

Microglial cell

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17
Q

Epidermes of skin

A

Langerhans cell

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18
Q

Lymph nodes, spleen

A

Dendritic cell

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19
Q

Bone

A

Osteoclast (from fusion of several macrophages)

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20
Q

In connective tisue under various pathological conditions

A

Multinuclear giant cell (several fused macrophages)

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21
Q

Oval irregular shaped cells of connective tissue between 7 and 20 um

A

Mast cell

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22
Q

Mast cell granules display _______. Can change colors of some basic dyes (e.g Toluidine blue) from blue to purple or red

A

METACHROMASIA

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23
Q

Localized release of many bioactive substances important in the local inflammatory response, innate immunity and tissue repair.

A

Mast cell

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24
Q

act as an anticoagulant

A

Heparin

25
Q

promotes increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction

A

HISTAMINE

26
Q

activates various mediators of inflammation

A

SERINE PROTEASE

27
Q

attracts leukocytes

A

EOSINOPHIL AND NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS

28
Q

directing activities of leukocytes and other immune cells

A

CYTOKINES

29
Q

can be converted into lipid mediators of inflammatory response

A

PHOSPHOLIPID PRECURSORS

30
Q

small blood vessels in the skin and mesenteries

A

PERIVASCULAR MAST CELLS

31
Q

tissue that lines of digestive tract and respiratory tracts

A

MUCOSAL MAST CELLS

32
Q

originates from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

A

Mast Cell

33
Q

Lymphocyte-derived, antibody-producing cells

A

PLASMA CELLS

34
Q

PLASMA CELLS
Average life span:_____

A

10-20 days

35
Q

rare genetic disorder characterized by the absence/extremely low levels of immunoglobulins (antibodies)

A

Agammaglobulinemia

36
Q

Derived from circulating blood cells

Leave body by migrating between the endothelial cells of venules to enter connective tissue

Increases greatly during inflammation.

A

Leukocytes

37
Q

Key element of all connective tissues as well as epithelial basement membranes and the external laminae of muscle and nerve cell

Most abundant protein in human body

Major product of fibroblast

A

Collagen

38
Q

have polypeptide subunits that aggregate to large fibrils clearly visible in light electron microscope

A

FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN (collagen type I, II, and III)

39
Q

network sheet-forming, have subunits produced by epithelial cells and are major structural proteins of external laminae and all epithelial basal laminae

A

NETWORK-FORMING COLLAGENS - (collagen type IV)

40
Q

are short collages that link fibrillar collagens to one another (forming larger fibers) and other

A

LINKING/ANCHORING COLLAGENS

41
Q

Found in delicate connective tissue of many organs, notably in the immune system.

Consist mainly of collagen type III which forms an extensive network (reticulum) of thin (0.5-2 um) fibers for the support of many different cells.

Seldom visible in Hematoxylin and Eosin but are characteristically stained black after impregnation with silver salts thus termed argyrophilic

A

Reticular fibers

42
Q

PERIODIC ACID-SCHIFF (PAS)

A

Positive

43
Q

→high content of sugar chains bound to type III collagen of alpha chains.

A

PERIODIC ACID-SCHIFF (PAS)

44
Q

Produced by fibroblast occurs in reticular lamina of basement membranes and typically surrounds adipocytes, smooth muscle and nerve fibers and small blood vessels.

Abundant reticular fibers also characterize in the stroma of HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUE (bone marrow), the spleen, and lymph nodes.

→ Support rapidly changing populations of proliferating cells and phagocytic cells

A

Reticular fibers

45
Q

Thinner than the type I collagen fibers and form sparse networks interspersed with collagen bundles in many organs, particularly those subject to regular stretching or bending

Rubberlike properties such as the stroma of the lungs

In the wall of large blood vessels, e.g arteries.

A

Elastic fibers

46
Q

fenestrated sheets

A

Elastic lamellae

47
Q

are not strongly acidophilic and stained poorly with H&E

A

ELASTIC FIBERS AND LAMELLAE

48
Q

Elastic fibers stained with______

A

ORCEIN AND ALDEHYDE FUCHSIN

49
Q

Highly hydrated, transparent, complex mixtures of 3 major kinds of macromolecules: GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS (GAGs), PROTEOGLYCANS, and MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS.

A

Ground substance

50
Q

forms a viscous, pericellular network which binds a considerable amount of water, giving it an important role in allowing molecular diffusion through connective tissue and in lubricating various organs and joints.

A

Hyaluronan

51
Q

Four major GAGs found in proteoglycans are

A

dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfates, keratan sulfate, and heparan sulfate

52
Q

synthesized on RER, mature in the Golgi apparatus, where the GAG side-chains are added, and secreted from cells by exocytosis

A

GLYCOPROTEINS

53
Q

one of the best studied proteoglycans. Abundant in cartilage

A

AGGRECAN

54
Q

water in the ground substance of connective tissue, has an ion composition similar to blood plasma.

A

Intestinal fluid

55
Q

is common, forming a layer beneath the epithelial lining of many organs and filling the spaces between fibers of muscle and nerve.

A

Loose connective tissue

56
Q

Loose connective tissue is also called

A

AREOLAR TISSUE

57
Q

Contains CELLS, FIBERS and GROUND SUBSTANCE.

A

Loose connective tissue

58
Q

most numerous cells

A

Fibroblasts

59
Q

predominates but elastic and reticular fibers also present.

A

collagen fibers

HISTOLOGY (11 decks)

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