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PH 156 > Pregnancy Test > Flashcards

Pregnancy Test Flashcards

1
Q

identify:
A.Sac that contains the ovum.
B.Differentiate corpus hemorrhageum from corpus luteum.

A

A. Graafian follicle
B. Once the ovum is extruded, what is left is a clot of blood called corpus hemorrhageum. Corpus hemorrhageum is then replaced by yellow
viscous fluid, the luteal cells, and gradually this will be
called the corpus luteum.

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2
Q

A. Ectopic Pregnancy - what is its most common cause?

B. enum 3 layers of uterus

A

A. implantation in the fallopian tube

B. Peritoneal Ligament, Myometrium & Endometrium

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3
Q

A. Organ source of gonadotropin-releasing hormone

B. Releases luteinizing hormone & follicle-stimulating hormone, c/o GnRH

A

A. hypothalamus

B. anterior pituitary gland

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4
Q

identify
A.hormone released after FSH reaches target. takes c/o female secondary sexual char
B.hormone released after LH reaches target. takes c/o final preparation of the uterus for pregnancy and breast for lactation.

A

A.estrogen

B.progesterone

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5
Q

A.During the growth of follicles, what hormone is secreted?

B.When does the new follicle ovulate @ menstrual cycle?

A

A)estorgen

B)14th day

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6
Q

A.After ovulation of follicle, its secretory cells become ____
B.If ovum is not fertilized, what happens to A?

A

A)corpus luteum
B)the corpus luteum degenerates whereupon the ovarian hormones estrogen and progesterone decreases greatly and menstruation begins

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7
Q

Enumerate 2 main functions of human choriogonadotropin (HCG)

A

1) To prevent normal involution of the corpus luteum at the end of the female sexual cycle
2) Causes the corpus luteum to secrete large amounts of sexual hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

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8
Q

false about human choriogonadotropin
A.Coincidentally with the development of the trophocyte cells of an early fertilized ovum
B. The secretion of this hormone can first be measured shortly after the blastocyst implants in the endometrium.
C. Then the rate of secretion rises rapidly to reach a maximum about 10-12 weeks after ovulation and decreases to a much lower value by 16-20 weeks after ovulation.

A

A. why? because trophoblast dapat. the hormone HCG is secreted by syncytial trophoblast cells into the fluids of the mother

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9
Q

All are reasons for studying HCG except
A. Confirm diagnosis of normal early pregnancy
B. Know response of individual to surgical or hormonal intervention
C. Evaluation of abnormal pregnancy
D. Fertility test
E. Studies of trophoblastic diseases & tumors

A

D

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10
Q

False about specimen collection for HCG study:
A.Midstream urine is most acceptable
B.Suprapubic puncture is less acceptable than midstream
C.NOTA

A

B - suprapubic puncture is better because sample is sterile. but it involves bladder puncture, so it is harder to collect.

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11
Q

False about pregnancy test
A. no fasting for water, only for food
B. sample usually collected in the morning
C. sample must be without preservative
D. no medications must be taken before collection

A

A. bawal tubig fr 8PM until morning

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12
Q

A.Which hormone relaxes the various pelvic ligaments for easier passage of the fetus through the birth canal?
B.Which joints does A act on?

A

A) estrogen

B) so that the sacroiliac joints become limber and the symphysis pubis becomes elastic for

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13
Q

not a function of progesterone
A. causes decidual cells to develop in the uterine endometrium
B. increasing contractility of the pregnant uterus
C. Helps estrogen prepare the mother’s breast for lactation

A

B - decrease dapat

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14
Q

Which is false about HCG?
A. Peak levels in the latter part of the first trimester of pregnancy
B. Not stored but distributed in circulation
C. Generally lower in the mother than in the fetus

A

C - higher dapat

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15
Q

enumerate 4 general ways to measure HCG

A
  1. Bioassay
  2. Immunoassay
  3. Radioimmunoassay
  4. Immunometric assay
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16
Q

Which bioassay is Characterized by enlargement and luteinization of the CL of the immature mouse following injection of urine from pregnant women?
A. Ascheim-Zondek
B. Friedman test
C. Xenopus laevis test
D. Rana pipiens test and Galli-Mainini toad test

A

A

17
Q

Which bioassay Utilizes urine from pregnant women to initiate ovulation in rabbits?
A. Ascheim-Zondek
B. Friedman test
C. Xenopus laevis test
D. Rana pipiens test and Galli-Mainini toad test

A

B

18
Q

Which bioassay tested urine fr suspected pregnant woman on S.African toad?
A. Ascheim-Zondek
B. Friedman test
C. Xenopus laevis test
D. Rana pipiens test and Galli-Mainini toad test

A

C

19
Q

Which bioassay Measured the release of spermatozoa from the male frog a toad respectively, 2-4 hours after injection of urine from pregnant women?
A. Ascheim-Zondek
B. Friedman test
C. Xenopus laevis test
D. Rana pipiens test and Galli-Mainini toad test

A

D

20
Q

Which is false?
A. Immunoassays lack sensitivity and do not lend themselves to easy quantization of HCG in the specimen.
B. Progesterone increases secretions of uterus & fallopian tube
C. Bioassays interfere with FSH

A

C - LH dapat

21
Q

enumerate differences of HAI and LPA in pregnancy test immunoassay :)

A
  1. HAI: HCG-coated RBC, LPA: HCG-latex coated particles
  2. HAI: test tubes. LPA: glass slide
  3. HAI time: 2 hours. LPA: few minutes
  4. HAI (+) result: doughnut. LPA (+) result: milky suspension
22
Q

False about pregnancy midstream kit & Ovulation Midstream Predictor Kits
A. Invalid: absence of control band
B. one cause of invalid test: excess specimen volume
C. urine is not allowed to make contact with test window

A

B - dapat insufficient!

23
Q

Ovulation Midstream Predictor Kits predict
A. HCG level in urine
B. monthly LH surge
C. FSH decline

A

B

24
Q

False about Basal Body Temperature
A. Predicts ovulation
B. Body temp decreases at the onset of ovulation
C. Monitors body temperature changes to determine when ovulation takes place

A

B - rises dapat

25
Q

Which is false?
A.Ovum is viable and capable of being fertilized outside of ovary for ≤ 24 hours
B.Most sperm remain fertile for only

A

D - aided dapat

26
Q

Enumerate 3 causes of female sterility, and indicate most common one

A
  1. abnormal physio fxn of genital system
  2. abnormal genetic development of ova
  3. failure to ovulate - most common.
27
Q

How does endometriosis occlude the fallopian tubes?

A

Endometrium tissue grows and even menstruates in the pelvic cavity surrounding the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. This causes fibrosis throughout the pelvis, enshrouds the ovaries. Hence, ovum cannot be released;

28
Q

Which is false?
A. Salpingitis may be due to presence of genital tract infection
B. Abnormal hormonal stimulation can lead to viscous mucus plug
C. Cervix abnormalities may also cause female sterility
D.NOTA

A

D

PH 156 (13 decks)

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