Histotechnology Flashcards
Differentiate rigor mortis from algor mortis
Rigor mortis (stiffening) Algor mortis (coldness)
Which is false?
A. Histotechniques may be applied to biopsies only.
B. Hypostatic congestion is due to gravity
C. BOTA
A - autopsies also
For specimen accessionin, tissue specimens received in the surgical pathology should have a request form that lists 3 things. enumerate
- Patient information
- History of patient
- Description of the site of origin
What happens in gross examination of a specimen to be subjected to histotechnologic techniques?
describing the specimen and placing all or parts into a small plastic cassette which holds the tissue
While gross exam is being done, the specimen is being processed to a __?
A. slide maker
B. tissue dessicator
C. paraffin block
C
False about gross examination
A.Cassettes are placed into a fixative.
B.When a malignancy is not suspected, the specimen is often covered with ink in order to mark the margins of the specimen.
C.Different colored inks can be used to identify different areas if needed
D.When sections are made and processed, the ink will mark the actual margin on the slide
B - this is done when malignancy is suspected, and purpose is to mark the normal tissues vs the suspected malignant ones
Why is fixation done on a slide?
A. to preserve tissues
B.to prevent autolysis (as in surgical pathology and autops)
C.BOTA
C
Enumerate 5 major classes of fixatives
Aldehydes Mercurials Oxidizing Agents Picrates Alcohols
Include permanganate fixatives (KMNO4), potassium dichromate and osmium tetroxide A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
C
Bouin's fluid belongs to this class of fixatives A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
D
Good for cytologic smears because they give very good nuclear detail... but not for lipids A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
E
Cross-link with proteins but cause extensive denaturation A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
C
Best application for hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial system (RES) A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
B
Include Zenker’s and B-5 A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
B
What is buffer @ formalin for?
prevents acidity that promotes autolysis and cause precipitation of formol-heme pigment in tissues
peneterates tissue well, but slowly A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.BOTA D.NOTA
A
peneterates tissue poorly, but fixes quickly A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.BOTA D.NOTA
B
not good for immunoperoxidase staining A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.BOTA D.NOTA
B
Stains everything yellow including skin A.Aldehydes B.Mercurials C.Oxidizing Agents D.Picrates E.Alcohols
D
Used for fixation of testis, GI, endocrine A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.Zenker's solution D.alcohol E.Bouin's solution
E
Used for frozen sections, cytologic smears A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.Zenker's solution D.alcohol E.Bouin's solution
D
Recommended for RES tissues (spleen, bone marrow) A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.Zenker's solution D.alcohol E.Bouin's solution
C
Recommended for tissues used for EM A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.Zenker's solution D.alcohol E.Bouin's solution
B
Recommended for tissues used for EM A.formalin B.glutaraldehyde C.Zenker's solution D.alcohol E.Bouin's solution
A
Enumerate 6 factors that affect fixation
Buffering Penetration Volume Temperature Concentration of Fixative Time Interval
Which is false?
A. Fixation is best carried out when buffer is @ pH range of 6 - 8
B. Hot formalin will fix tissues slower.
C. Penetration depends on tissue diffusibility
(B - faster dapat)