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Medical Terminology > Prefixes, Suffixes, Combining Forms Part 1 > Flashcards

Prefixes, Suffixes, Combining Forms Part 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

a-, an-

A

no; not; without

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2
Q

ab-

A

away from

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3
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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4
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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5
Q

acanth/o

A

spiny; thorny

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6
Q

acetabul/o

A

acetabulum (hip socket)

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7
Q

acous/o

A

hearing

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8
Q

acr/o

A

extremities; top; extreme point

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9
Q

acromi/o

A

acromion (extension of shoulder bone)

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10
Q

actin/o

A

light

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11
Q

acu/o

A

sharp; severe; sudden

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12
Q

-acusis

A

hearing

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13
Q

ad-

A

toward

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14
Q

-ad

A

toward

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15
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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16
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

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17
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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18
Q

adren/o

A

adrenal gland

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19
Q

adrenal/o

A

adrenal gland

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20
Q

aer/o

A

air

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21
Q

af-

A

toward

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22
Q

agglutin/o

A

clumping; sticking together

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23
Q

-agon

A

assemble, gather

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24
Q

agora-

A

marketplace

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25
Q

-agra

A

excessive pain

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26
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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27
Q

alb/o

A

white

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28
Q

albin/o

A

white

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29
Q

albumin/o

A

albumin (protein)

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30
Q

alges/o

A

sensitivity to pain

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31
Q

-algesia

A

sensitivity to pain

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32
Q

-algia

A

pain

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33
Q

all/o

A

other

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34
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus; air sac; small sac

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35
Q

ambly/o

A

dim; dull

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36
Q

-amine

A

nitrogen compound

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37
Q

amni/o

A

amnion (sac surrounding the embryo)

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38
Q

amyl/o

A

starch

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39
Q

an/o

A

anus

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40
Q

-an

A

pertaining to

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41
Q

ana-

A

up; apart; backward; again, anew

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42
Q

andr/o

A

male

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43
Q

aneurysm/o

A

aneurysm (widened blood vessel)

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44
Q

angi/o

A

vessel (blood)

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45
Q

anis/o

A

unequal

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46
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff

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47
Q

ante-

A

before; forward

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48
Q

anter/o

A

front

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49
Q

anthrac/o

A

coal

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50
Q

anthr/o

A

antrum of the stomach

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51
Q

anti-

A

against

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52
Q

anxi/o

A

uneasy; anxious

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53
Q

aort/o

A

aorta (largest artery)

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54
Q

-apheresis

A

removal

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55
Q

aphth/o

A

ulcer

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56
Q

apo-

A

off, away

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57
Q

aponeur/o

A

aponeurosis (type of tendon)

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58
Q

append/o

A

appendix

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59
Q

appendic/o

A

appendix

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60
Q

aque/o

A

water

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61
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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62
Q

-arche

A

beginning

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63
Q

arter/o

A

artery

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64
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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65
Q

arteriol/o

A

arteriole (small artery)

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66
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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67
Q

-arthria

A

articulate (speak distinctly)

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68
Q

articul/o

A

joint

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69
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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70
Q

asbest/o

A

asbestos

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71
Q

-ase

A

enzyme

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72
Q

-asthenia

A

lack of strength

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73
Q

atel/o

A

incomplete

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74
Q

ather/o

A

plaque (fatty substances)

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75
Q

-ation

A

process; condition

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76
Q

atri/o

A

atrium (upper heart chamber)

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77
Q

audi/o

A

hearing

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78
Q

audit/o

A

hearing

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79
Q

aur/o

A

ear

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80
Q

auricul/o

A

ear

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81
Q

aut/o

A

self, own

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82
Q

aut-, auto-

A

self, own

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83
Q

axill/o

A

armpit

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84
Q

azot/o

A

urea; nitrogen

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85
Q

bacill/o

A

bacilli (bacteria)

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86
Q

bacteri/o

A

bacteria

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87
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

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88
Q

bar/o

A

pressure; weight

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89
Q

bartholin/o

A

Bartholin glands

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90
Q

bas/o

A

base; opposite of acid

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91
Q

bi-

A

two

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92
Q

bi/o

A

life

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93
Q

bil/i

A

bile; gall

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94
Q

bilirubin/o

A

bilirubin

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95
Q

-blast

A

embryonic; immature cell

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96
Q

-blastoma

A

immature tumor (cells)

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97
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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98
Q

bol/o

A

cast; throw

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99
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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100
Q

brachy-

A

short

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101
Q

brady-

A

slow

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102
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchial tube

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103
Q

bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube

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104
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole

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105
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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106
Q

bunion/o

A

bunion

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107
Q

burs/o

A

bursa (sac of fluid near joints)

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108
Q

byssin/o

A

cotton dust

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109
Q

cac/o

A

bad

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110
Q

calc/o

A

calcium

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111
Q

calcane/o

A

calcaneus (heel bone)

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112
Q

calci/o

A

calcium

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113
Q

cali/o, calic/o

A

calyx (cup shaped)

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114
Q

capillar/o

A

capillary (tiniest blood vessel)

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115
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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116
Q

-capnia

A

carbon dioxide

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117
Q

carcin/o

A

cancerous; cancer

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118
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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119
Q

carp/o

A

wrist bones (carpals)

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120
Q

cata-

A

down

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121
Q

caud/o

A

tail; lower part of body

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122
Q

caus/o

A

burn; burning

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123
Q

cauter/o

A

heat; burn

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124
Q

cec/o

A

cecum (first part of the colon)

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125
Q

-cele

A

hernia

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126
Q

celi/o

A

belly; abdomen

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127
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

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128
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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129
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum (posterior part of the brain)

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130
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum (largest part of the brain)

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131
Q

cerumin/o

A

cerumen

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132
Q

cervic/o

A

neck; cervix (neck of uterus)

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133
Q

-chalasia

A

relaxation

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134
Q

-chalasis

A

relaxation

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135
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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136
Q

chem/o

A

drug; chemical

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137
Q

-chezia

A

defecation; elimination of wastes

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138
Q

chir/o

A

hand

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139
Q

chlor/o

A

green

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140
Q

chlorhydr/o

A

hydrochloric acid

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141
Q

chol/e

A

bile; gall

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142
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile vessel

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143
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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144
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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145
Q

cholesterol/o

A

cholesterol

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146
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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147
Q

chore/o

A

dance

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148
Q

chori/o

A

chorion (outermost membrane of the fetus)

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149
Q

chorion/o

A

chorion (outermost membrane of the fetus)

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150
Q

choroid/o

A

choroid layer of eye

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151
Q

chrom/o

A

color

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152
Q

chron/o

A

time

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153
Q

chym/o

A

to pour

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154
Q

cib/o

A

meal

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155
Q

-cide

A

killing

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156
Q

-cidal

A

pertaining to killing

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157
Q

cine/o

A

movement

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158
Q

cirrh/o

A

orange-yellow

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159
Q

cis/o

A

to cut

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160
Q

-clasis

A

to break

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161
Q

-clast

A

to break

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162
Q

claustr/o

A

enclosed space

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163
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle (collar bone)

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164
Q

-clysis

A

irrigation; washing

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165
Q

coagul/o

A

coagulation (clotting)

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166
Q

-coccus (-cocci, plural)

A

berry-shaped bacterium

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167
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx (tailbone)

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168
Q

cochle/o

A

cochlea (inner part of ear)

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169
Q

col/o

A

colon

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170
Q

coll/a

A

glue

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171
Q

colon/o

A

colon (large intestine)

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172
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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173
Q

comat/o

A

deep sleep

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174
Q

comi/o

A

to care for

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175
Q

con-

A

together, with

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176
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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177
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva (lines the eyelids)

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178
Q

-constriction

A

narrowing

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179
Q

contra-

A

against; opposite

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180
Q

cor/o

A

pupil

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181
Q

core/o

A

pupil

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182
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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183
Q

coron/o

A

heart (crown or circle)

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184
Q

corpor/o

A

body

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185
Q

cortic/o

A

cortex, outer region

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186
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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187
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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188
Q

cras/o

A

mixture; temperament

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189
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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190
Q

-crine

A

secrete; separate

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191
Q

-crit

A

separate

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192
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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193
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

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194
Q

culd/o

A

cul-de-sac

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195
Q

-cusis

A

hearing

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196
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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197
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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198
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body of eye; cycle; circle

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199
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

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200
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder; cyst; sac of fluid

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201
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

202
Q

-cyte

A

cell

203
Q

-cytosis

A

condition of cells; slight increase in numbers

204
Q

dacry/o

A

tear

205
Q

dacryoaden/o

A

tear gland

206
Q

dacryocyst/o

A

tear sac; lacrimal sac

207
Q

dactyl/o

A

fingers; toes

208
Q

de-

A

lack of; down; less; removal of

209
Q

dem/o

A

people

210
Q

dent/i

A

tooth; teeth

211
Q

derm/o

A

skin

212
Q

-derma

A

skin

213
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

214
Q

desicc/o

A

drying

215
Q

-desis

A

bind, tie together

216
Q

dia-

A

complete; through

217
Q

diaphor/o

A

sweat

218
Q

-dilation

A

widening; stretching; expanding

219
Q

dipl/o

A

double

220
Q

dips/o

A

thirst

221
Q

dist/o

A

far; distant

222
Q

dors/o

A

back (of body)

223
Q

dorsi-

A

back

224
Q

-dote

A

to give

225
Q

-drome

A

to run

226
Q

duct/o

A

to lead, carry

227
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

228
Q

dur/o

A

dura mater

229
Q

-dynia

A

pain

230
Q

dys-

A

bad; painful; difficult; abnormal

231
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

232
Q

ec-

A

out; outside

233
Q

echo-

A

reflected sound

234
Q

-ectasia

A

dilation; dilatation; widening

235
Q

-ectasis

A

dilation; dilatation; widening

236
Q

ecto-

A

out; outside

237
Q

-ectomy

A

removal; excision; resection

238
Q

-edema

A

swelling

239
Q

-elasma

A

flat plate

240
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

241
Q

em-

A

in

242
Q

-ema

A

condition

243
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

244
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

245
Q

-emic

A

pertaining to blood condition

246
Q

emmetr/o

A

in due measure

247
Q

en-

A

in; within

248
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

249
Q

end-

A

in; within

250
Q

endo-

A

in; within

251
Q

enter/o

A

intestines (usually small intestine)

252
Q

eosin/o

A

red; rosy; dawn-colored

253
Q

epi-

A

above; upon; on

254
Q

epididym/o

A

epididymis

255
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

256
Q

episi/o

A

vulva (external female genitalia)

257
Q

epitheli/o

A

skin; epithelium

258
Q

equin/o

A

horse

259
Q

-er

A

one who

260
Q

erg/o

A

work

261
Q

erythem/o

A

flushed; redness

262
Q

erythr/o

A

red

263
Q

-esis

A

action; condition; state of

264
Q

eso-

A

inward

265
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

266
Q

esthes/o

A

nervous sensation (feeling)

267
Q

esthesi/o

A

nervous sensation (feeling)

268
Q

-esthesia

A

nervous sensation (feeling)

269
Q

estr/o

A

female

270
Q

ethm/o

A

sieve

271
Q

eti/o

A

cause

272
Q

eu-

A

good; normal; true

273
Q

-eurysm

A

widening

274
Q

ex-

A

out; away from

275
Q

exanthemat/o

A

rash

276
Q

exo-

A

out; away from

277
Q

extra-

A

outside

278
Q

faci/o

A

face

279
Q

fasci/o

A

fascia (membrane supporting muscles)

280
Q

femor/o

A

femur (thigh bone)

281
Q

-ferent

A

to carry

282
Q

fibrin/o

A

fiber

283
Q

fibr/o, fibromat/o

A

fiber

284
Q

fibros/o

A

fibrous connective tissue

285
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula

286
Q

-fication

A

process of mating

287
Q

-fida

A

split

288
Q

flex/o

A

bend

289
Q

fluor/o

A

luminous

290
Q

follicul/o

A

follicle; small sac

291
Q

-form

A

resembling; in the shape of

292
Q

fung/i

A

fungus; mushroom (lower organism lacking chlorophyll)

293
Q

furc/o

A

forking; branching

294
Q

-fusion

A

to pour; to come together

295
Q

galact/o

A

milk

296
Q

ganglion/o

A

ganglion; collection of nerve bodies

297
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

298
Q

-gen

A

substance that produces

299
Q

-genesis

A

producing; forming

300
Q

-genic

A

produced by or in

301
Q

ger/o

A

old age

302
Q

geront/o

A

old age

303
Q

gest/o

A

pregnancy

304
Q

gester/o

A

pregnancy

305
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum

306
Q

glauc/o

A

gray

307
Q

gli/o

A

glial cells; neuroglial cells (supportive tissue of nervous system)

308
Q

-globin

A

protein

309
Q

-globulin

A

protein

310
Q

golmerul/o

A

glomerulus

311
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

312
Q

gluc/o

A

glucose; sugar

313
Q

glyc/o

A

glucose; sugar

314
Q

glycogen/o

A

glycogen; animal starch

315
Q

glycos/o

A

glucose; sugar

316
Q

gnos/o

A

knowledge

317
Q

gon/o

A

seed

318
Q

gonad/o

A

sex glands

319
Q

goni/o

A

angle

320
Q

-grade

A

to go

321
Q

-gram

A

record

322
Q

granul/o

A

granule(s)

323
Q

-graph

A

instrument for recording

324
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

325
Q

gravid/o

A

pregnancy

326
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant woman

327
Q

gynec/o

A

woman; female

328
Q

hallucin/o

A

hallucination

329
Q

hem/o

A

blood

330
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

331
Q

hemi-

A

half

332
Q

hemoglobin/o

A

hemoglobin

333
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

334
Q

herni/o

A

hernia

335
Q

-hexia

A

state of

336
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

337
Q

hist/o, histi/o

A

tissue

338
Q

home/o

A

sameness; unchanging; constant

339
Q

hormon/o

A

hormone

340
Q

humer/o

A

humerus (upper arm bone)

341
Q

hydr/o

A

water

342
Q

hyper-

A

above; excessive

343
Q

hypn/o

A

sleep

344
Q

hypo-

A

deficient; below; under; less than normal

345
Q

hypophys/o

A

pituitary gland

346
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus; womb

347
Q

-ia

A

condition

348
Q

-iac

A

pertaining to

349
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition

350
Q

iatr/o

A

physician; treatment

351
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

352
Q

-ical

A

pertaining to

353
Q

ichthy/o

A

dry; scaly

354
Q

-icle

A

small

355
Q

idi/o

A

unknown; individual; distinct

356
Q

-ile

A

pertaining to

357
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

358
Q

ili/o

A

ilium

359
Q

immun/o

A

immune; protection; safe

360
Q

in-

A

in; into; not

361
Q

-in, -ine

A

substance

362
Q

-ine

A

pertaining to

363
Q

infra-

A

below; inferior to; beneath

364
Q

inguin/o

A

groin

365
Q

insulin/o

A

insulin (pancreatic hormone)

366
Q

inter-

A

between

367
Q

intra-

A

within; into

368
Q

iod/o

A

iodine

369
Q

ion/o

A

ion; to wander

370
Q

-ion

A

process

371
Q

-ior

A

pertaining to

372
Q

ipsi-

A

same

373
Q

ir-

A

in

374
Q

ir/o

A

iris (colored portion of eye)

375
Q

irid/o

A

iris (colored portion of eye)

376
Q

is/o

A

same; equal

377
Q

isch/o

A

hold back; back

378
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium (part of hip bone)

379
Q

-ism

A

process; condition

380
Q

-ist

A

specialist

381
Q

-it is

A

inflammation

382
Q

-itus

A

condition

383
Q

-ium

A

structure; tissue

384
Q

jaund/o

A

yellow

385
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

386
Q

kal/i

A

potassium

387
Q

kary/o

A

nucleus

388
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea; hard, horny tissue

389
Q

kern-

A

nucleus (collection of nerve cells in the brain)

390
Q

ket/o

A

ketones; acetones

391
Q

keton/o

A

ketones; acetones

392
Q

kines/o

A

movement

393
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement

394
Q

-kinesia

A

movement

395
Q

-kenesis

A

movement

396
Q

klept/o

A

to steal

397
Q

kyph/o

A

humpback

398
Q

labi/o

A

lip

399
Q

lacrim/o

A

tear; tear duct; lacrimal duct

400
Q

lact/o

A

milk

401
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina (part of vertebral arch)

402
Q

lapar/o

A

abdominal wall; abdomen

403
Q

-lapse

A

slide, fall, sag

404
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx (voice box)

405
Q

later/o

A

side

406
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth (visceral) muscle

407
Q

-lemma

A

sheath, covering

408
Q

-lepsy

A

seizure

409
Q

lept/o

A

thin, slender

410
Q

-leptic

A

pertaining to seizing, taking hold of

411
Q

leth/o

A

death

412
Q

leuk/o

A

white

413
Q

lex/o

A

word; phrase

414
Q

-lexia

A

word; phrase

415
Q

ligament/o

A

ligament

416
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

417
Q

lip/o

A

fat (a type of lipid)

418
Q

lipid/o

A

lipid

419
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

420
Q

lith/o

A

stone; calculus

421
Q

-lithiasis

A

condition of stones

422
Q

-lithotomy

A

incision (for removal) of a stone

423
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

424
Q

log/o

A

study

425
Q

-logy

A

study (process of)

426
Q

lord/o

A

curve; swayback

427
Q

-lucent

A

to shine

428
Q

lumb/o

A

lower back; loin

429
Q

lute/o

A

yellow

430
Q

lux/o

A

slide

431
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

432
Q

lymphaden/o

A

lymph gland (node)

433
Q

lymphangi/o

A

lymph vessel

434
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening

435
Q

-lytic

A

reducing, destroying; separating; breakdown

436
Q

macro-

A

large

437
Q

mal-

A

bad

438
Q

-malacia

A

softening

439
Q

malleol/o

A

malleolus

440
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

441
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible (lower jaw bone)

442
Q

-mania

A

obsessive preoccupation

443
Q

mast/o

A

breast

444
Q

mastoid/o

A

mastoid process (behind the ear)

445
Q

maxill/o

A

maxilla (upper jaw bone)

446
Q

meat/o

A

meatus (opening)

447
Q

medi/o

A

middle

448
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

449
Q

medull/o

A

medulla (inner section); middle; soft, marrow

450
Q

mega-

A

large

451
Q

-megaly

A

enlargemet

452
Q

melan/o

A

black

453
Q

men/o

A

menses; menstruation

454
Q

mening/o

A

meninges (membranes covering the spinal cord and brain)

455
Q

meningi/o

A

meninges

456
Q

ment/o

A

mind; chin

457
Q

meso-

A

middle

458
Q

meta-

A

change; beyond

459
Q

metacarp/o

A

metacarpals (hand bones)

460
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsals (foot bones)

461
Q

-meter

A

measure

462
Q

metr/o

A

uterus (womb); measure

463
Q

metri/o

A

uterus (womb)

464
Q

mi/o

A

smaller; less

465
Q

micro-

A

small

466
Q

-mimetic

A

mimic; copy

467
Q

-mission

A

send

468
Q

mon/o

A

one; single

469
Q

morph/o

A

shape; form

470
Q

mort/o

A

death

471
Q

-mortem

A

death

472
Q

-motor

A

movement

473
Q

muc/o

A

mucus

474
Q

mucos/o

A

mucous membrane (mucosa)

475
Q

multi-

A

many

476
Q

mut/a

A

genetic change

477
Q

mutagen/o

A

causing genetic change

478
Q

my/o

A

muscle

479
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

480
Q

mydr/o

A

wide

481
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord; bone marrow

482
Q

myocardi/o

A

myocardium (heart muscle)

483
Q

myom/o

A

muscle tumor

484
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

485
Q

myring/o

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

486
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

487
Q

narc/o

A

numbness; stupor; sleep

488
Q

nas/o

A

nose

489
Q

nat/i

A

birth

490
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

491
Q

necr/o

A

death

492
Q

nect/o

A

bind, tie, connect

493
Q

neo-

A

new

494
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

495
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

496
Q

neutr/o

A

neither; neutral; neutrophil

497
Q

nid/o

A

nest

498
Q

noct/o

A

night

499
Q

norm/o

A

rule; order

500
Q

nos/o

A

disease

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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