Ch. 12 Respiratory System Diseases

Question 1

Croup

Answer 1

Acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor

Question 2

Diphtheria

Answer 2

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium (Corynebacterium)

Question 3

Epistaxis

Answer 3

Nosebleed

Question 4

Pertussis

Answer 4

Whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordetella pertussis

Question 5

Asthma

Answer 5

Chroic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production

Question 6

Bronchiecstasis

Answer 6

Chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection

Question 7

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of bronchi persisting over a longer time; type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Question 8

Cystic fibrosis (CF)

Answer 8

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally

Question 9

Atelectasis

Answer 9

Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

Question 10

Emphysema

Answer 10

Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls; a form of COPD

Question 11

Lung cancer

Answer 11

Malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

Question 12

Pneumoconiosis

Answer 12

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection and bronchitis

Question 13

Pneumonia

Answer 13

Acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

Question 14

Pulmonary abscess

Answer 14

Large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs

Question 15

Pulmonary edema

Answer 15

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

Question 16

Pulmonary embolism (PE)

Answer 16

Clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung

Question 17

Pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 17

Formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

Question 18

Sarcoidosis

Answer 18

Chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes and other organs

Question 19

Tuberculosis (TB)

Answer 19

Infectious disease caused by Myobacterium tuberculosis; lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected

Question 20

Mesothelioma

Answer 20

Rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura

Question 21

Pleural effusion

Answer 21

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)

Question 22

Pleurisy (pleuritis)

Answer 22

Inflammation of the pleura

Question 23

Pneumothorax

Answer 23

Collection of air in the pleural space

Question 24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 24

Chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs

Question 25

Cor Pulmonale

Answer 25

Failure of the right side of the heart to pump sufficient amount of blood to the lungs because of underlying lung disease

Question 26

Hydrothorax

Answer 26

Collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

Question 27

Infiltrate

Answer 27

Collection of fluid or other material within the lung

Question 28

Pulmonary infarction

Answer 28

Area of necrosis (death of lung tissue)