Ch. 13 Blood Diseases

Question 1

Blood dyscrasia

Answer 1

Dyscrasia = disease… any abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood is referred to as a blood dyscrasia

Question 2

Anemia

Answer 2

Deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

Question 3

Aplastic anemia

Answer 3

Failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

Question 4

Pancytopenia

Answer 4

Occurs when stem cells fail to produce leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes (ALL [pan] of the blood cell types)

Question 5

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 5

Caused by a lack of iron, which is required for hemoglobin production

Question 6

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 6

Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Question 7

Pernicious anemia

Answer 7

Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream (B12 is necessary for proper development & maturation of erythrocytes)

Question 8

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 8

Hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle-shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis

Question 9

Thalassemia

Answer 9

Inherited defect in ability to produce hemoglobin, leading to hypochromia

Question 10

Hemochromatosis

Answer 10

Excess iron deposits throughout the body

Question 11

Polycythemia vera

Answer 11

General increase in red blood cells (erythremia)

Question 12

Hemophilia

Answer 12

Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of blood clotting factors (8 & 9) necessary for blood clotting

Question 13

Purpura

Answer 13

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

Question 14

Leukemia

Answer 14

Increase in cancerous white blood cells (leukocytes)

Question 15

Granulocytosis

Answer 15

Abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood

Question 16

Mononucleosis

Answer 16

Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Question 17

Multiple myeloma

Answer 17

Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow