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M12 Anatomy and Physiology > Practice Quiz Digestive System > Flashcards

Practice Quiz Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

a dog is a nutritional___

A

omnivore

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2
Q

is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.

A

digestion

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3
Q

most digestion in simple stomached animals taken place in the

A

duodenum

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4
Q

____ is the hardest tissue in the body

A

enamel

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5
Q

____ forms the bulk of the tooth

A

dentin

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6
Q

teeth, commonly known as baby teeth, temporary teeth and milk teeth, are the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and other diphyodont mammals. They develop during the embryonic stage of development and erupt—that is, they become visible in the mouth—during infancy.

A

deciduous

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7
Q

a sharp edged tooth in mammals that is adapted for cutting and gnawing

A

incisors

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8
Q

___ teeth are developed and used for ripping flesh, firmly holding food to tear it apart and occasionally used as weapons

A

canine

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9
Q

the ___ teeth are flat, large teeth at the back of the mouth primarily used to grind food during chewing

A

molar

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10
Q

______ teeth are paired upper and lower teeth (either molars or premolars and molars) modified in such a way as to allow enlarged and often self-sharpening edges to pass by each other in a shearing manner. In modern carnivores these teeth are the modified fourth upper premolar and the first lower molar. .

A

carnassial. Also known as sectorial

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11
Q

3131/3121 is the dental formula of an adult cat. Knowing that, how many total canine teeth are found in this animal?

A

4

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12
Q

The dental formal of a cow is 0033/3133. How many upper canines and how many upper incisors are found in this animal?

A

0

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13
Q

_________ small, round or cone-shaped protuberances on the top of the tongue that contain taste buds.

A

papillae

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14
Q

_______ glands are exocrine glands with ducts emptying into the mouth. They include a solution which may include enzymes needed to start the digestive process, bicarbonate buffers, electrolytes and antibodies.

A

salivary

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15
Q

a common passageway for both food and air

A

pharynx

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16
Q

a muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach

A

esophagus

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17
Q

the process of seizing or grasping or otherwise getting food into the mouth

A

prehension

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18
Q

process of chewing food

A

mastication

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19
Q

the pattern of muscle contraction that propels food through the GI tract

A

peristalsis

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20
Q

visceral peritoneum is found where

A

superficial layers of abdominal organ

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21
Q

parietal peritoneum is found where

A

outside lining of abdominal cavity

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22
Q

omentum is found where

A

stomach

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23
Q

mesentery is found where

A

small intestines

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24
Q

term used to describe food as it leaves the stomach in semi-liquid form

A

chyme

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25
Q

The production of intrinsic factor for Vitamin B12 absorption later in the small intestine takes place in the _____________

A

stomach

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26
Q

general term used to describe an animal with a 4 chambered stomach

A

ruminant

27
Q

technical term to describe an animal with a simple or single stomach

A

monogastric

28
Q

the distal portion of a single stomach (where it connects to the small intestines) is called the

A

pylorus

29
Q

____ is a proteolyic enzyme essential in the digestive process. It is activated in the fundus of the stomach in the presence of HCI.

A

pepsin

30
Q

the anticipation of a meal, its smell, sight, or thought stimulates the ____ phase of digestive secretion. This phase is absent in the ruminant.

A

cephalic

31
Q

the ____ phase of secretion does not begin until food enters the stomach

A

gastric

32
Q

the normal pH of the stomach can be as low as

A

2

33
Q

Fibers of the ______ nerve synapse on cells in the gastric myenteric plexus. It is the tenth cranial nerve and the longest nerve of the autonomic nervous system. The nerve stimulates the release of acetylcholine during gastric phase of digestion.

A

vagus

34
Q

_____ are made of repeating units of monosaccharides and are required in the largest quantity in the diet for livestock species

A

carbohydrates

35
Q

____ are made of repeating amino acid units

A

proteins

36
Q

_____ contain 2.5x as much energy as the same quantity of carbohydrates

A

lipids

37
Q

Carbohydrate digestion begins with ____ (an enzyme) in the saliva and continues with further enzyme secretion in both the stomach and small intestine

A

amylase

38
Q

Protein digestion begins in the stomach and continues in the small intestine. In the stomach, the enzyme precursor pepsinogen is activated by the acid ____ and changes to the active enzyme ______

A

HCI, pepsin

39
Q

the true stomach in a ruminant

A

abomasum

40
Q

the honeycomb in a ruminant

A

reticulum. Also known as hardware stomach

41
Q

the manyplies in the ruminant

A

omasum. Also known as bible stomach.

42
Q

a magnet is placed into the ___ to prevent Hardware disease in cattle

A

reticulum

43
Q

The _________ _______ links the esophagus with the omasum in young pre-ruminant animals.

A

esophageal groove

44
Q

the abomasum releases the _____ enzyme to help curdle milk in preruminant animals. It is also utilized in cheese production in years past.

A

renin

45
Q

chewing the cud

A

rumination

46
Q

belching of gas

A

eructation

47
Q

___ and ___ are the two main gases released by ruminants during the fermentation process of digestion in the rumen

A

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane

48
Q

the digestive disorder known as ____ and occurs when the gases of fermentation are trapped in the rumen

A

bloat

49
Q

the main source of energy for the ruminant (produced by microflora within the rumen)

A

volatile fatty acids (VFAs)

50
Q

_____ is the first portion of the small intestines which connects to the stomach

A

duodenum

51
Q

the last part of the small intestines which connects to the cecum

A

ileum

52
Q

the middle segment of the small intestines

A

jejunum

53
Q

_____is a “digestive” organ that serves as both an endocrine and an exocrine gland

A

pancreas

54
Q

two hormones produced by the pancreas are ____ and _____

A

insulin, glucagon

55
Q

_____ is a fat digesting enzyme produced by the pancreas

A

lipase

56
Q

a carbohydrate digesting enzyme produced by the pancreas

A

amylase

57
Q

the largest digestive gland in the body

A

liver

58
Q

cholesterol is produced in this digestive organ

A

liver

59
Q

bile is produced in the ____ and stored in the ____

A

liver, gall bladder

60
Q

an emulsifier of fats

A

bile

61
Q

an animal becomes jaundiced when there is an increased ____ concentration in the blood

A

bilirubin

62
Q

milk sugar

A

lactose

63
Q

the blind diverticulum at beginning of colon

A

cecum

64
Q

The _______’s fermentation center “hindgut” is positioned after the stomach where enzymatic digestion occurs.

A

horse

M12 Anatomy and Physiology (24 decks)

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