Chapter 7 Vocab Set 159-189

Question 1

the end of a long bone. Each long bone has a proximal and a distal […]

Answer 1

epiphysis

Question 2

a skull bone, internal bone of the cranium, located just rostral of the sphenoid bone and contains the cribriform plate which transmits the many branches of the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulb of the brain

Answer 2

ethmoid bone

Question 3

the paranasal sinus in the ethmoid bone of a horse or human

Answer 3

ethmoidal sinus

Question 4

the joint movement that increases the angle between two bones

Answer 4

extension

Question 5

The junction between two bones. Can be completely immovable (fibrous), slightly movable (cartilaginous), or freely movable (synovial)

Answer 5

Joint

Question 6

one of two small sesamoid bones locate in the proximal gastrocnemius muscle tendon just above and behind the femoral condyles of dogs and cats

Answer 6

fabella

Question 7

the most proximal joint of the equine digit which is between the large matacarpal or metatarsal and the proximal phalanx.

Answer 7

fetlock joint

Question 8

an immovable joint also known as a synarthrosis. The bones are firmly united by fibrous tissue. The sutures that unite most of the skull bones are these

Answer 8

fibrous joint

Question 9

a thin bone located beside the tibia in the lower region of the pelvic limn. Complete bone in the dog and cat but only the proximal and distal ends are present in horses and cattle. It does not support any appreciable weight and mainly acts as a muscle attachment site

Answer 9

fibula

Question 10

The membrane that encloses the ends of the bones in a synovial joint. Consists of an outer fibrous membrane and an inner synovial membrane that produces viscous synovial fluid which lubricates the joint surfaces

Answer 10

Joint capsule

Question 11

a hinge joint in which one articular surface swivels around another. the only movements possible are flexion and extension

Answer 11

ginglymus joint

Question 12

a arthrodial joint in which two flat articular surfaces rock on each other. Example: the carpus

Answer 12

gliding joint

Question 13

the epiphyseal plate of a long bone located at the junction of the proximal and distal epiphyses with the diaphysis Areas where long bones increase in length by the process of endochondral bone formation. When an animal reaches its full size the growth plates of its bones completely ossify and the bones cease their growth.

Answer 13

growth plate

Question 14

the central canal that runs the length of a Haversian system and contains the blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves that supply and nourish the osteocytes.

Answer 14

haversian canal

Question 15

the microscopic laminated cylinders of bone that make up compact bone. Orientated lengthwise in a long bone, this consists of a central Haverisan canal surrounded by concentric layers of bone. Osteocytes in their alcunae are present in the junctions of the bony layers of this.

Answer 15

haversian system

Question 16

a joint where one surface swivels around another like a door hinge; also called a ginglymus joint. The only movements possible are flexion and extension. Example: elbow joint

Answer 16

hinge joint

Question 17

a disorder of the hip joint in which the normally tight fitting ball and socket hip joint is abnormally loose. The laxity of this allows the head of the femur to rattle around int he acetabulum, resulting in damage to the joint surfaces and osteoarthritis development. Movement causes pain.

Answer 17

hip dysplasia

Question 18

ankle joint or tarsus; joins the tibiotarsus and the tarsometatarsus of birds

Answer 18

hock

Question 19

the joint movement that decreases the angle between two bones

Answer 19

flexion

Question 20

the fluid-filled potential space between the joint surface of a synovial joint. It is normally filled by the viscous, lubricating fluid produced by the synovial membrane lining of the joint capsule

Answer 20

joint cavity/space

Question 21

bands of fibrous connective tissue that are present in and around many synovial joints. When present, ligaments connect the bones of the joint to each other

Answer 21

ligaments

Question 22

one of two concave, half moon-shaped, cartilaginous structures on the proximal surface of the tibia that help support the condyles of the femur

Answer 22

meniscus

Question 23

the bones of the forelimb that lie between the carpal bones and phalanges

Answer 23

metacarpal bones

Question 24

the bones of the pelvic limbs located between the tarsus and the phalanges

Answer 24

metatarsal bone

Question 25

the distal sesamoid bone of the horse. It is located deep in the hoof behind the joint between the middle and distal phalanges

Answer 25

navicular bone

Question 26

a pair of large holes in the pelvis located on either side of the pelvic symphysis. The role of this seems to be to lighten the pelvis because no large nerves or vessels pass through them

Answer 26

obturator foramina

Question 27

the large process on the proximal end of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow. It is the site where the tendon of the powerful triceps brachii muscle attaches

Answer 27

olecranon process

Question 28

the visceral bone in the heart of cattle that helps support the valves of the heart

Answer 28

os cordis

Question 29

the visceral bone in the penis of dogs that partially surrounds the penile portion of the urethra

Answer 29

os penis

Question 30

the visceral bone in the snout of swine that strengthens it for the rooting behavior of pigs

Answer 30

os rostri