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RUSVM Virology Exam 2 > Poxviridae > Flashcards

Poxviridae Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 poxviruses we cover?

A
  1. Orthopoxvirus
  2. Parapoxvirus
  3. Avipoxivurs
  4. Capripoxvirus
  5. Leporipoxvirus
  6. Suipoxvirus
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2
Q

T/F: Poxviruses can be naked or enveloped, pleomorphic, and are usually brick-shaped

A

True

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3
Q

T/F: Parapoxvirus, in contrast with typical poxviruses, are ovoid and appear to have a crisscross, thread like surface

A

True

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4
Q

What are two distinct infectious poxvirus particles?

A
  1. Intracellular (naked) mature virus (IMV)

2. Extracellular enveloped virus (EEV)

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5
Q

T/F: poxviruses have icosahedral or helical symmetry

A

False, they have complex symmetry where the virion outer layer encloses a dumbbell-shaped core and two lateral bodies

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6
Q

T/F: poxviruses have a single molecule of linear double stranded DNA

A

True

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7
Q

Where does replication of poxvirus predominantly, if not exclusively, occur in?

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

T/F: both enveloped and non-enveloped virions are infectious

A

True

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9
Q

Why are enveloped poxviruses more unique?

A

Have high environmental stability and remain infectious over a period of several months in an ambient environment

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10
Q

What 3 routes can poxvirus be transmitted between animals?

A
  1. Skin (broken skin)
  2. Resp. routes (aerosol)
  3. Mechanical (arthropods)
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11
Q

What body system does poxvirus use to gain access to the systemic circulation?

A

Lymphatic system

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12
Q

What is the order of skin lesions caused by a poxvirus infection?

A

Macule > Papule > Vesicle > Pustule > Scab > Scar

Ma…Pa…Ve…Pu…Sca

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13
Q

What are two main infections caused by Orthopoxvirus?

A
  1. Cowpox

2. Monkeypox

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14
Q

T/F: Cowpox and monkeypox are both zoonotic

A

True

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15
Q

What is the reservoir host for cowpox?

A

Rodents

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16
Q

T/F: cowpox can be transmitted though infected milker’s hands or teat cups

A

True

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17
Q

T/F: With cowpox, papules can appear on teats and udder, leading calves to develop lesions in mouth

A

True

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18
Q

What is the usual route of transmission for cowpox in cats?

A

Skin inoculation, through bite or wound

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19
Q

T/F: Rodents are a common reservoir for cowpox in cats

A

False

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20
Q

What is the primary lesion of cowpox in cats?

A

Single primary skin lesion on head, neck, or forelimb

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21
Q

T/F: Ulcerative lesions or crusting papular lesions are signs of secondary lesions of cowpox in cats

A

True

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22
Q

What is the main transmission of cowpox in humans?

A

Mainly by cat contact, RARELY by rodents or zoo animals

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23
Q

What is the primary transmission route for monkeypox infection in humans?

A

Direct contact

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24
Q

What is the secondary transmission route of monkeypox in humans?

A

Human-to-human (close contact)

25
What are two infections that parapoxviruses cause?
1. Pseudocowpox | 2. Contagious ecthyma/orf virus
26
What is the condition that pseudocowpox virus causes in humans called?
Milker's nodule
27
What is the primary transmission route of pseudocowpox?
Contaminated milker's hand, teat cups
28
What are the acute lesion signs of pseudocowpox?
Erythema > papules > vesicle or pustule > rupture > thick scab > horse shoe shaped ring
29
What are two ways to Dx pseudocowpox?
1. Horseshoe shaped ring like lesion | 2. Isolation and detection via Dx lab methods
30
What is done to the removed scabs of pseudocowpox in order to prevent environmental contamination?
They are burned
31
Who are the primary hosts of contagious ecthyma/ORF caused by parapoxvirus?
Sheep and goats, usually lambs and kids
32
What are the order of lesions that contagious ecthyma/orf forms?
Macule > papule > vesicle > pustule > ulcer > scab
33
What are the CS of contagious ecthyma?
1. Lip swelling > spread to muzzle and nostrils > difficulty eating > anorexia and weight loss 2. Lesion in feet > lameness 3. Lesion in scrotum > infertility
34
What species can a malignant form of contagious ecthyma be observed?
Sheep
35
T/F: Vaccines should be used on farms, even if there isn't a problem with orf/contagious ecthyma
False
36
T/F: Vaccination of contagious ecthyma/orf offer long lasting immunity
False; ~1-2 years
37
When should pregnant ewes be vaccinated against contagious ecthyma?
Before lambing
38
T/F: contagious ecthyma/orf is zoonotic
True
39
What three disease does capripoxvirus cause?
1. Sheep pox 2. Goat pox 3. Lumpy skin disease of cattle
40
What is a common route of transmission for sheeppox and goatpox?
Aerosol / resp. route
41
T/F: Sheeppox is a systemic disease
True
42
What are the two forms of sheeppox?
Malignant and benign form
43
T/F: malignant sheeppox is seen in lambs and susceptible nonnative breed while benign sheeppox is seen in adults and resistant breeds
True
44
T/F: sheeppox is reportable in most countries
True
45
T/F: killed vaccines offer temporary protection while live attenuated vaccines offer excellent protection lasting over a year against sheeppox
True
46
T/F: goatpox is not reportable
False, it is reportable
47
What is the most common transmission route of lumpy skin disease in cattle?
Arthropod vector
48
What disease does suipoxvirus cause?
Swinepox in pigs
49
What is an important transmission route of swinepox?
1. Pig louse, haematopinus suis
50
T/F: There is evidence of transplacental infection of swinepox
True
51
What are the typical pox lesions of swine pox?
Skin lesions Exudative epidermitis (greasy pig) and secondary bacterial dermatitis Upper respiratory tract and digestive tract in severe infections
52
What disease does avipoxvirus cause?
Fowlpox
53
Want are the 3 Clinical forms of fowlpox?
1. Cutaneous dry form (most common) 2. Diphtheritic wet form 3. Ocular form
54
Histologically, bollinger and borrel bodies can be seen with what poxvirus?
Avipoxvirus
55
What is an important fowlpox control method?
Mosquito (and other biting insects) control
56
What are the two manifestations of ulcerative dermatosis of sheep?
1. Lip and leg ulceration | 2. Venereal form
57
What are two tranmission modes of ulcerative dermatosis of sheep?
1. Damaged skin | 2. Coitus
58
What are 7 methods to Dx poxviruses?
1. CS 2. Sampling 3. EM 4. Histopathology 5. Inoculation in embryonated egg (pock lesions) 6. ELISA (serological assay) 7. PCR
59
T/F: parapoxviruses multiply in chicken embryo
False

RUSVM Virology Exam 2 (10 decks)

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