Herpesviridae Part 1 Flashcards
What is the virus morphology of herpesviridae?
Enveloped, spherical to pleomorphic; with double stranded DNA
T/F: herpesviruses survive well outside host
False, do not survive well outside host
Who serve as a reservoir for transmission of herpesviruses?
Latently infected animals
What is a histological characteristic of herpesviruses?
Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies knows as type A cowdry bodies
What are the two important subtypes of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1)
- BHV 1.1 (respiratory subtype)
2. BHV 1.2 (genital subtype)
Where are the sites of latency for BHV1?
- Trigeminal nerve: respiratory subtype
2. Sciatic nerve: genital subtype
What are the CS of the respiratory form of BHV1?
Red nose, necrotic rhinitis, dust pneumonia
T/F: IBR lesions are confined to the conjunctiva and no lesions are on the cornea, except diffuse edema
True
T/F: Abortions caused by BHV1 are often preceded by pustular vulvovaginitis
True
What are the 2 genital diseases caused by BHV1 in bovine?
- IPV (infectious pustular vaginitis)
2. Balanoposthitis
T/F: the paranteral vaccine for BHV1 is safe to used in pregnant cows
False, it causes abortion; the intranasal vaccine is safe to use in pregnant cows
What 2 infections does BHV2 cause?
- Bovine ulcerative mammillitis
2. Pseudo-lumpy skin disease
What are the two transmission routes of bovine ulcerative mammillitis caused by BHV2?
- Direct contact and vomited mediated
2. Mechanical transmission
T/F: in bovine ulcerative mammillitis caused by BHV2, there is a high incidence of mastitis
True
What infections does porcine herpesvirus 1/suid herpesvirus 1 cause?
Pseudorabies
Who are the primary reservoirs for pseudorabies caused by PHV1?
- Primarily recovered pigs
2. Rodents also
T/F: Pseudorabies is shed in urine and feces
False; shed in saliva, nasal discharge and milk of infected pigs
Who are the secondary hosts that pseudorabies can be transmitted to?
- Dogs and cats via ingestion of infected pig
2. Cattle via direct contact
What is the primary site of viral replication for pseudorabies?
Upper respiratory tract
What are the CNS lesions of pseudorabies?
- Ganglioneuritis
- Nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis
- Perivascular cuffing
T/F: Pruritis (itching) is a dominant feature in primary hosts with pseudorabies
False, in secondary hosts
T/F: piglets born to non-immune sows are most susceptible to pseudorabies and will show signs of CNS disease
True
In cattle, a secondary host to pseudorabies, what CS are seen?
Intense pruritis, frenzy, death from resp. failure
What are the CS of dogs, a secondary host to pseudorabies?
Frenzy and pruritis, self mutilation, drooling
T/F: Cats, a secondary host of pseudorabies, pruritis may not be observed bc of rapid disease progression
True
T/F: Vaccinations for pseudorabies can prevent infection
False, they reduce losses in enzootic areas and alleviate CS in pigs of certain ages
What are two types of equine herpesviruses?
- Equine herpes virus 1 (EHV1)
2. Equine herpes virus 4 (EHV4)
Which equine herpes virus is the most virulent?
EHV 1
What two locations can a latent EHV 1 reside in?
CNS and lymph system
What is the principle route of EHV1 infection?
Respiratory tract
What is the main pathogenesis of EHV1?
Immunosuppression
T/F: EHV1 can cause encephalomyelopathy (EHM) in horses of any age and breed
True
The majority of abortions caused by EHV1 occurs during what stage of pregnancy
Last trimester
What disease does EHV4 cause?
Equine viral rhinopneumonitis
T/F: EHV 4 causes more severe tissue destruction than EHV1
False, causes less severe tissue destruction
T/F: EHV4 rarely causes abortion when in infects pregnant mares
True
T/F: EHV4 usuallly results in viremia
False, rarely results in viremia
What kind of vaccines are available for EHV?
Live attenuated and inactivated commercial EHV 1 vaccine and combined product with EHV1 and EHV 4
