Herpesviridae part 2 Flashcards
What does canine herpesvirus-1 (CHHV-1). Cause in puppies?
Hemorrhagic disease of puppies (fading puppy syndrome)
What are the 3 primary modes of transmission of CHV1?
- Contact with infected oral, nasal, or vaginal secretions of dam
- In-uterus transmission
- Passage through birth canal
What are two ways an older dog can get CHV1?
- Venereal
2. Contact with saliva, nasal discharge, or urine of infected dogs or puppies
What are 3 types of infections CHV1 can cause?
- In-utero infection
- Systemic neonatal infection
- CNS infection
What are two factors governing systemic neonatal infection from CHV1?
- Body temperature of puppies
2. Maternal immunity
What does feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV1) cause?
Feline rhinotracheitis
What is the main transmission routes of FHV1?
- Direct contact with infected cat
Where does virus replication of FHV1 primarily take place?
Mucosa of nasal septum, turbinates, nasopharynx and tonsils
What are some CS of feline rhinotracheitis caused by FHV1?
- Conjunctivitis
- Hyperemia and serous ocular discharge
- Ulcerative keratitis
- Severe necrohemmorrhagic rhinitis
- Multi focal necrohemorrhagic palatitis
T/F: oral ulcers are common in cats with FHV1 infection
False, oral ulcers are rare; common in FCV cats
What are 3 types of FHV1 and FCV vaccines available?
- MLV parenterally
- MLV intranasally
- Inactivated vaccine parenterally
What two infections do avian diseases cause?
- Infectious laryngotracheitis (Gallid herpesvirus 1)
2. Marek’ disease (Gallid herpesvirus 2)
What is the primary transmission of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) caused by GHV1?
Inhalation
T/F: the trigeminal ganglion is the target for ILT viral latency
True
What are the CS of severe ILT?
- Head shaking w/coughing
- “Pump handle respiration”
- Bloody mucous
T/F: The mild enzootic form of ILT is the most common while the severe epizootic is uncommon
True
Upon necropsy, was is an important finding in the trachea for ILT?
Tracheal plug (diphtheria membrane)
T/F: for ILT Dx, virus grows well is CAM of embryonated egg
True
What are 3 types of vaccines for ILT?
- CEO
- TCO
- Pox-vectored recombinant vaccine
T/F: CEO vaccines against ILT have the capability to revert virulence and cause full blown ILT signs to induce better immunity
True
T/F: TCO vaccines against ILT have similar effects
False; Given by eye drop only and does not spread significantly to revert virulence, limiting the level of induced immunity
Merek’s disease is a very important disease in poultry caused by what herpesvirus?
Gallid herpesvirus 2
What is the highly infection transmission route of Marek’s disease?
Cell free viruses released from feather follicles (labile)
What is a less infectious route of transmission for Marek’s disease?
Viruses in dander (survive several months in poultry house dust or litter)
What are the 4 pathotypes of Gallid herpes virus 2 that cause Marek’s disease (MD)?
- Mild (mMDV)
- Virulent (VMDV)
- Very virulent (vvMDV)
- Very virulent plus (vv+MDV)
What are 4 overlapping virus-cell interactions observed in MD?
- Fully productive infection
- Productive-restrictive infection
- Non-productive infection
- Non-productive neoplastic transformation
T/F: MD virus is slowly cytopathic and remains associated with cells
True
What are 4 Clinical features of MD?
- Neurolymphomatosis
- Visceral lymphomatosis
- Ocular lymphomatosis
- Cutaneous lymphomatosis
What are the CS of neurolymphomatosis caused by MD?
- Enlargement of nerve trunks
- Edematous, grey, or yellow look
- Lameness, droopy wings, paresis of legs
What are some CS of visceral lymphomatosis caused by MD?
- Enlarged proventriculus, liver, ovary
What are some CS of ocular lymphomatosis?
- Grating of iris
2. Partial to total blindness
What are some CS of cutaneous lymphomatosis?
- Plucking of features
2. Enlarged feather follicles
What is the most protective commercial vaccine available for MD?
CV1988/Rispens
Inclusion body rhinitis is caused by what herpesvirus?
Porcine herpesvirus 2
What are two transmission routes of inclusion body rhinitis caused by PHV2?
- Primarily inhalation
2. Transplacental
What is the primary replication site for inclusion body rhinitis caused by PHV2?
Nasal mucous glands and epithelial cells of upper resp. tract
What does inclusion body rhinitis caused by PHV2 look like histologically?
Infected cells enlarged with intranuclear inclusion bodies, especially in nasal glands
What are the two most important viruses for malignant catarrhal fever (MCF)?
- Alcephaline herpesvirus-1 (AHV1) = wildebeest associated MCF
- Ovine herpesvirus-2 (OHV2) = sheep associated MCF
T/F: AHV1 or wildebeest associated MCF is epizootic and seasonal
True
T/F: Sheep associated MCF occurs year-round and is usually sporadic
True
T/F: In Africa, MCF is found in cattle that are close to wildebeest, while outside Africa, usually associated with sheep contact
True
T/F: cattle are dead end hosts for wildebeest or sheep associated MCF
True
T/F: Diarrhea is rarely observed in sheep derived MCF and is more common is wildebeest derived MCF
False, more common in sheep associated MCF
What are the early stage signs of head and eye MCF?
- Reddened eyelids
- Bilateral corneal opacity
- Crusty muzzle and nares
- Nasal discharge
- Salivation
What are the later stage signs of head and eye MCF?
Erosions on tongue, hard palate, buccal papillae
What is an important necropsy finding of MCF in cattle?
Zebra striping in colon
