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Agriculture Science 100 > Poultry Production > Flashcards

Poultry Production Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the broiler industry leading states

A
  • Georgia
  • Arkansas
  • Alabama
  • Mississippi
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1
Q

What are the two main purposes for poultry production

A
  • production of poultry meat
    - broiler/fryer industry
  • production of eggs
    - layer industry
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2
Q

What are the egg production leading states

A
  • Iowa
  • Ohio
  • Pennsylvania
  • California
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3
Q

What are the top country producers

A
  • United States
  • China
  • Brazil
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4
Q

What is a fowl

A

Any bird

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5
Q

What is a pullet

A

A female less that 1 year of age

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6
Q

What is a hen

A

Female over 1 year of age

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7
Q

What is a cockerel

A

Male less than one year of age

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8
Q

What is a rooster

A

Male over 1 year of age

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9
Q

What is a capon

A

Castrated male

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10
Q

What is a clutch

A

Group of eggs accumulated by a hen to set to incubate

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11
Q

What is a brood

A

Group of baby chicks

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12
Q

What is a molt

A

Annual shedding of feathers-end of laying season-light reflex

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13
Q

Describe the mouth.

A

They have a beak and a barbed tongue

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14
Q

What does the esophagus or gullet do

A

Joins the crop.

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15
Q

What does the crop do

A

A specialized area of the esophagus and it’s job is to store good

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16
Q

What is the proventriculus

A

Stomach

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17
Q

Describe the gizzard and it’s function

A

Muscular organ that aids in the grinding of food. Feed gravel that stays I’m gizzard that helps break down food

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18
Q

What is the function of the small intestine

A

Important for digestion and the absorption of nutrients

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19
Q

What is the function of the ceca

A

Junction where the small intestine meets the large intestine

20
Q

What is the Rectum or cloaca

A

Chamber that is common to the digestive tract, urinary tract, and reproductive tract

21
Q

Describe the ovaries of the female

A

Hens have two ovaries as they develop then the right disappears. The left stays and develops

22
Q

What is the oviduct

A

They have two oviducts as they develop then the right disappears. The left stays and develops

23
Q

What is the magnum

A

Produces the egg white or albumen

24
Q

What is the isthmus

A

Puts on the shell membrane. Fresh eggs are hard to peel due to the membrane

25
Q

What is the uterus

A

Produces the egg shell that is made out of calcium carbonate

26
Q

What is the function of the vagina

A

Puts down cuticle that is a protective covering of the egg that protects the shell.

27
Q

How long does it take to produce an egg

A

27 hours

28
Q

Where are the testes and how many to roosters have

A

They have two testes that are located under the back of the body just under the ribs

29
Q

What does the epididymis do

A
  • transport
  • maturation
  • storage
  • concentrates sperm
30
Q

What does the vas deferens do

A

Serves as transport.

31
Q

What are the ureters

A

Tubes that come from the kidneys

32
Q

What is the cloaca

A

Reproductive organ

33
Q

What is the cuticle of the egg

A

Outside layer that protects the egg from foreign material

34
Q

What is the shell

A

Made outbid calcium carbonate

35
Q

What is the function of the air cell

A

Allows for exchange of oxygen and CO2

36
Q

What is the shell membrane

A

Part of the completed egg

37
Q

How is the white made and describe it

A

Made from albumen and there are four different layers

-chalaza- anchors the egg yolk on both end of the egg

38
Q

What does the yolk do

A

Serves as a food source for the developing chick

39
Q

What is the germinal disk

A

If the egg gets fertilized this is where the embryo develops

40
Q

what are the characteristics that are looked at externally of the egg

A
  • size
  • shape
  • shell color
  • texture
  • uniformity
  • cleanliness
41
Q

What are the characteristics looked at internally of the egg

A
  • air cell
  • yolk
  • white
  • germ cell
  • shell
  • blood spots
42
Q

What is automated in layer management

A
  • temperature controlled
  • humidity
  • feed and water
  • floor space
  • free range chickens
  • sanitation
  • light exposure and response
43
Q

What is managed during incubation

A
  • temperature
  • humidity
  • egg position
  • egg turning
  • oxygen
44
Q

What percent of protein is required for a broiler

A

20-23%

45
Q

What percent of protein is required for layers and what other mineral is important

A

14-16% and calcium

46
Q

What percent of protein in required for turkeys

A

14-28%

47
Q

What disease are common in chickens

A
  • respiratory

- coccidiosis

48
Q

What parasites are common in chickens

A 
External
   -Lice (40 species) 
   -Mites
Internal
   -Roundworm 
   -Tapeworms

Agriculture Science 100 (12 decks)

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