Posture and seating Flashcards
What is posture?
composite of all joints of the body at any given moment.
What is good posture?
A position where the body segments are balanced and in the position of least strain and maximum support
What is the purpose of good posture?
Improve efficiency in body movement to decrease potential of injuries
What can cause poor posture?
- Injury
- Pathological reasons
- Psychological reasons
- Congenital defects
- Environmental factors
What is the PSIS?
Posterior superior iliac spine
What is the ASIS?
Anterior superior iliac spine
What posititon are the PSIS and ASIS when the pelvis is neutral?
the PSIS is slightly higher than the ASIS
What is a posterior pelvic tilt?
the ASIS and pubis symphysis move superiorly
What is an anterior pelvic tilt?
the ASIS and pubis symphysis move inferiorly
Where is the ASIS in a posterior pelvic tilt to the PSIS?
The ASIS is lower than the PSIS
Where is the ASIS in an anterior pelvic tilt to the PSIS?
The ASIS is higher than the PSIS
What are 3 clinical issues causing posterior pelvic tilt?
- tight hip flexors
- obesity
- tight spinal extensors
- trunk extension
- weakened abdominals
- increased lumbar lordosis
7, shoulder retracted
What are 3 clinical issues causing anterior pelvic tilt?
- Low trunk tone
- decreased lordosis in lumbar spine
- Reduced hip flexion
- increased thoracic kyphosis
- tight hamstrings
- extensor reflex/spasm
- Muscle imbalance
What is kyphosis?
increased concavity of the thoracic spine
What is lordosis?
Lower back arches forward, pelvis tilts anteriorly
What is kyphotic-lordotic?
pelvis is tilted anteriorly, lower back arches forward, increased concavity of thoracic spine and cervical spine is hyper-extended and head thrust forward
What is flat back?
pelvis tilted posteriorly, hip joints extended, flattening back and lumbar spine, increased concavity at thoracic spine, cervical spine slightly extended, head slightly forward.
What is sway back?
pelvis posteriorly tilted, hip joints extended, flattening back, increased concavity of thoracic spine.
What are claw toes?
Hyper-extension of MTP joints, flexion of PIP and DIP, callus formation under heads of metatarsals
What are hammer toes?
Hyper-extension of the MTP, flexion of the PIP, hyper-extension of the DIP.
What is scoliosis?
Lateral deviation of the spine.
What is pelvic obliquity?
Height discrepancy in ASIS, shoulder elevated
What is pelvic rotation?
1 ASIS is posterior or anterior to the other
True or false - the pelvis is the key to alignment of trunk and head when sitting?
True
What is ideal seated posture?
Head balanced and midline neutral spine neutral pelvis hips and knees 90 degrees feet flat on floor back of chair incline approx 10 degrees
