Posture Flashcards
Position in which minimum stress is applied to each joint and minimal muscle activity is needed to maintain the position
Correct posture
True or False:
In correct posture, there is a lot of creep.
False; there is not a lot of creep
Any static position that increases stress to the joints and may lead to soft tissue weakness and structural malformation
Faulty Posture
Anterior curve of the spine
Lordosis
Posterior curve of the spine
Kyphosis
Child’s COM is the ___________ vertebra.
12th Thoracic
Adult COM is the __________ vertebra.
2nd Sacral
What are the 5 points which the plumb line falls through?
- Mastoid process
- Just in front of the shoulder
- Just behind the hip joint
- Just in front of the knee joints
- Just in front of the ankle joints
When gravity passes anterior to the spine it creates a ______ torque, conversely when it passes posteriorly it creates an ______ torque.
Flexion; extension
Torque must be neutralized by internal forces produced ______ by muscle and ______ by connective tissue
Actively; passively
In quiet standing, the COM of the body moves slightly as the body sways side to side and AP
Postural sway
Curves that retain position found at birth; thoracic and sacral
Primary curves
Develop during the 1st year, become convex forward or extended; Cervical at about 3 months; Lumbar at about 6-8 months
Secondary curves
This curve develops as child begins to lift head
Cervical
This curve develops as child begins to sit up
Lumbar
What forces are transition areas vulnerable to?
Shearing forces
Compressive forces between vertebrae are partially shared by tension in stretched connective tissues and muscles located along the _______ side of the curve.
Convex
Condition when all forces acting on the body are balanced, the COM is controlled with the base of the support
Postural Stability/balance
Ability to maintain an appropriate relationship between body segments and between the body and the environment
Postural orientation
Body’s ability to control position in space; interaction of individual, task, and environment
Postural control
Line between COM and center of pressure
Body vector
This spinal deformity is characterized by an anterior curvature of spine, anterior pelvic tilt, exaggeration of curve found in cervical and lumbar spine
Excessive lordosis; think gymnast
This spinal deformity is characterized by posterior pelvic tilt, entire pelvis shifted anteriorly, remainder of crunch shifted posterior to maintain balance, head forward, hips extended, and knees hyperextended
Swayback
How do you tell the difference between swayback posture and excessive lordosis?
Look specifically at lumbosacral angle; Lordosis - anterior pelvic tilt, curve exaggerated; Swayback - posterior pelvic tilt, whole trunk shifted forward, hips extended, knees hyper extended
This spinal deformity is characterized by posterior pelvic tilt, forward head posture, flattened lumbar, and hips and knees extended
Flat back; weak hip flexors and lumbar extensors, tight hamstrings, hip extensors, and abdominals
This spinal deformity is characterized by excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
Excessive kyphosis
Excessive kyphosis characterized by inflammation of bone and cartilage, and interior wedge of vertebra, T10-T12
Scheuermann’s
Thoracolumbar kyphosis
Roundback
Kyphosis of thoracic spine, usually result of fracture
Humpback/Gibbus
Thoracic vert bodies degenerate, anterior wedging, and more common in women
Dowager’s hump
Lateral curvature of spine
Scoliosis
When only one part of the vertebra develops
Hemivertebra
When a vertebra is taller on one side
Wedged vertebra
“Bow legged”
Genu varum
“Knock kneed”
Genu valgum
