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Kinesiology I > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the proximal tibia?

A

Transfers weight across the knee to the ankle

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2
Q

True or False:

The fibula has no direct function at the knee.

A

True

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3
Q

The base of the patella is (superior/inferior) to the apex.

A

Superior

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4
Q

What is the normal Q angle of the knee?

A

13-15 degrees

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5
Q

What is the excessive frontal plane deviation with a knee angle measurement of less than or about 165 degrees?

A

Excessive genu valgum (knock-kneed)

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6
Q

What is the excessive frontal plane deviation with a knee angle measurement of more than or about 180 degrees?

A

Gene varum (bow-legged)

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7
Q

What is the natural frontal plane deviation in most people?

A

Genu valgum

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8
Q

A valgus force is applied ____, pushing in the ____ direction and the ____ collateral ligament would be stretched taut.

A

Laterally; medial; MCL

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9
Q

A varus force is applied ____, pushing in the ____ direction and the ____ collateral ligament would be stretched taut.

A

Medially; lateral; LCL

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10
Q

What shape is the medial meniscus?

A

Oval

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11
Q

What shape is the lateral meniscus?

A

Circular

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12
Q

What are the functions of the menisci?

A
  1. Reduce compressive stress
  2. Stabilization of the joint during motion
  3. Lubricating articular cartilage
  4. Providing proprioception
  5. Help guide knee arthrokinematics
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13
Q

Medial meniscus tears usually involve what components?

A
  1. axial rotation (forceful rotation of the femur over a partially flexed weight bearing knee)
  2. external values force
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14
Q

What is the ROM for the tibiofemoral joint?

A

140 - 0 - 5

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15
Q

In open chain knee extension the tibia rolled anterior, slides ____ and spins _____ on the femur

A

Anteriorly; externally

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16
Q

In close chain knee extension, the femur rolls anterior, slides _____, and spins_____ on the tibia

A

Posteriorly; internally

17
Q

In closed chain extension, the PCL causes the _________ of femur while the condyles roll anteriorly.

A

Posterior slide

18
Q

The axis of rotation at the knee has a tendency to migrate _____ as you go into more flexion.

A

Posteriorly

19
Q

During _____ rotation of the tibia, the cruciate ligaments are twisted around each other. This occurs during (flexion/extension).

A

Internal; flexion

20
Q

During _____ rotation of the tibia, the cruciate ligaments almost separate from each other. This happens during (flexion/extension).

A

External; extension

21
Q

True or false:

The LCL is more taut in flexion and more slack in extension.

A

False; more slack in flexion and more taut in extension

22
Q

The ACL limits (anterior/posterior) translation of the femur relative to the fixed lower leg.

A

Posterior

23
Q

If the tibia was shoved anteriorly, what ligament would block the motion?

A

ACL

24
Q

What are the most common mechanism of ACL injury?

A
  1. Strong activation of quads over slightly flexed or fully extended knee
  2. Valgus collapse of knee
  3. Excessive ER of knee

(other mechanisms: excessive IR combined with extension and extreme valgus; excessive hyperextension of knee while foot is firmly planted)

25
Q

The PCL limits (anterior/posterior) translation of the tibia relative to the femur.

A

Posterior

26
Q

When is the PCL most taut?

A

knee flexion

27
Q

What are the most common mechanisms of PCL injury?

A
  1. Falling over a flexed knee where the proximal tibia hits the ground
  2. “dashboard injury”

PCL injuries are associated with high energy trauma

28
Q

What is the normal frontal plane angle of the knee?

A

170-175

29
Q

Hyperextension of the knee beyond 10 degrees of neutral

A

Genu Rectavatum

30
Q

What happens when the Q angle increases?

A

A larger lateral bow string force occurs and pulls the patella laterally over a region of reduced contact area

Kinesiology I (13 decks)

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