Posterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

R and L, superior thickening of the psoas fascia

Answer 1

medial arcuate ligament

Question 2

R and L, superior thickening of the quadratus lumborum fascia

Answer 2

lateral arcuate ligament

Question 3

psoas major origin, insertion, and innervation

Answer 3

o: T12-L5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
Inn: ventral rami L1-L3

Question 4

chief flexor of the hip

Answer 4

iliopsoas

Question 5

psoas minor origin, insertion, and innervation

Answer 5

o: T12-L1
I: pectinate line: iliopectinate eminence (iliopubic eminence)
Inn: ventral rami L1-L2

Question 6

psoas minor is not present in ___ % of cadavers

Answer 6

40

Question 7

action of psoas minor

Answer 7

lumbar stabilizer

Question 8

iliacus origin, insertion, and innervation

Answer 8

o: iliac fossa and anterior sacroiliac ligaments
I: lesser trochanter
Inn: femoral nerve L2-L4

Question 9

iliacus action

Answer 9

flexion the femur at the hip joint

Question 10

what muscle is most proximal that receives femoral nerve branches

Answer 10

iliacus m

Question 11

quadratus lumborum origin, insertion, and innervation

Answer 11

o: medial half of rib 12 and tips of lumbar TP’s
i: iliolumbar ligament and the iliac crest
Inn: ventral rami T12, L1-L4

Question 12

action of quadratus lumborum

Answer 12

extension (bilateral), lateral flexion of the vertebral column, fixes 12th rib

Question 13

subcostal, ilioinguinal, and iliohypogastric nerves cross this muscle diagonally leaving a C-referral shape

Answer 13

quadratus lumborum

Question 14

the ____ crus is larger and longer and arises from the superior 3-4 lumbar vertebral bodies

Answer 14

right

Question 15

the ____ crus arises from only the superior 2-3 vertebral bodies

Answer 15

left

Question 16

centrally and posteriorly located between the crura is the ____ ligament

Answer 16

median arcuate

Question 17

the median arcuate ligament arches over the aorta and thoracic duct to form the

Answer 17

aortic hiatus (T12)

“I Eat Asparagus” 8.10.12

Question 18

runs diagonally across the QL and supplies the EAO and overlying skin

Answer 18

subcostal n (T12)

Question 19

passes anterior to QL to pierce the transverse abdominal muscle near the ASIS

Answer 19

iliohypogastric nerve

Question 20

sensory arc of the cremasteric reflex in males, sensory to the scrotum and labium majora

Answer 20

ilioinguinal n (L1)

Question 21

pierces and emerges from the anterior aspect of the psoas major, divides into femoral and genital branches (innervates motor cremasteric muscle)

Answer 21

genitofemoral n (L1-2)

Question 22

which nerve that runs across the QL does NOT meet the iliac crest

Answer 22

iliohypogastric n L1

Question 23

innervates the skin over the anterolateral thigh

Answer 23

lateral femoral cutaneous n L2-3

Question 24

which nerves runs thumbs width medial to ASIS

Answer 24

lateral femoral cutaneous n. (meralgia paresthetica)

Question 25

innervates the quadriceps

Answer 25

femoral n L2-4

Question 26

nerve that pierces the obturator membrane, sensory to the medial knee

Answer 26

obturator n L2-4

Question 27

passes over the sacral ala to the posterior pelvis to participate in the sacral plexus

Answer 27

lumbosacral trunk L4-5

Question 28

sympathetics of the posterior wall

Answer 28

1. sympathetic chain 2. pre gang 2a. greater splanchnic T5-9: celiac gang 2b. lesser splanchnic T10-11: superior mesenteric gang 3b. least splanchnic T12: aorta plexus

Question 29

mixed plexi (4)

Answer 29

1. intermesenteric 2. superior hypogastric 3. hypogastric 4. inferior hypogastric

Question 30

what plexus lies in front of the upper part of the sacrum, just below the bifurcation of the aorta

Answer 30

superior hypogastric plexus

Question 31

plexus formed on each side at the front of the LOWER sacrum by the junction of the hypogastric and pelvic splanchnic nerves

Answer 31

inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 32

what are the 8 arteries off the abdominal aorta

Answer 32

1. inferior phrenics 2. celiac trunk 3. suprarenal arteries (middle) 4. renal arteries 5. superior mesenteric artery 6. gonadal arteries 7. inferior mesenteric artery 8. common iliac arteries

Question 33

at the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries, _______ artery gives off horizontal branches called the _____

Answer 33

median sacral artery | lumbar ima or 5th lumbar artery

Question 34

what are the 7 veins tributing to the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 34

1. hepatic veins 2. inferior phrenic veins 3. renal veins 4. common iliac veins 5. gonadal veins 6. lumbar veins 7. median sacral vein

Question 35

the median sacral vein drains into

Answer 35

L common iliac vein