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Viscera Lecture > Perineum > Flashcards

Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

diamon shaped external surface around the anus and reproductive organs

A

perineum

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2
Q

external perineum is bounded by

A

anteriorly - mons pubis
laterally - medial thighs
posteriorly - gluteal folds

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3
Q

internal perineum is bounded by

A

anterior - pubic symphysis
anterolaterally - inferior pubic rami and ischial rami
laterally - ischial tuberosities
posterolaterally - sacrotuberous ligaments
posteriorly - coccyx
roof - pelvic diaphragm
inferior - flesh/skin

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4
Q

triangle which is posterior to the perineal body

A

anal triangle

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5
Q

area which contains the root of the scrotum in males and external genitalia in females

A

urogenital triangle

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6
Q

midpoint of the line dividing the perineum into 2 triangles is

A

perineal body

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7
Q

what 4 muscles converge upon the perineal body

A
  1. bulbospongiosus m
  2. external anal sphincter
  3. superficial transverse perineal m
  4. deep transverse perineal m
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8
Q

inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm

A

perineal membrane

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9
Q

serves to separate the superficial from the deep perineal pouch

A

perineal membrane

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10
Q

what 2 structures attach superior to the perineal membrane

A
  1. deep transverse perineal muscles

2. external urethral sphincter

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11
Q

what attaches posterior to perineal membrane

A

perineal body

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12
Q

subcutaneous fascia which consists of superficial fatty layer and a deep layer (colles’ fascia)

A

superficial perineal fascia

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13
Q

females: fatty layer persists into the labia and to the mons pubis where it becomes camper’s fascia

A

superficial perineal fascia

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14
Q

males: fatty layer is replaced by ______ while the membranous layer is continuous with the _____ of the penis and scrotum in the SUPERFICIAL fascia

A

dartos (smooth) muscle

dartos fascia

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15
Q

fascia which invests the ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, and superficial transverse perineal muscles

A

deep perineal fascia (gallaudet’s fascia)

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16
Q

males contents within the superficial perineal fascia

A
  1. bulb and crura of penis
  2. ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus m
  3. proximal spongy urethra
  4. superficial transverse perineal muscles
  5. perineal arteries/nerves
17
Q

females contents within the superficial perineal fascia

A
  1. bulb of vestibule
  2. crura of clitoris
  3. ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus m
  4. superficial transverse perineal m
  5. greater vestibular glands
  6. perineal nerves/arteries
18
Q

deep perineal pouch for both males and females contain

A

branches of the dorsal nerve/artery/vein

19
Q

ischioanal fossae is also known as

A

ischiorectal fossae

20
Q

what is the roof, lateral wall, and medial wall of the ischioanal fossae

A

roof - pelvic diaphragm
lateral - ischium and obturator internus muscle
medial - anal canal

21
Q

the lateral walls of the ischioanal fossae contain what canal

A

pudendal canal of Alcock

22
Q

what are the contents within the pudendal canal of Alcock

A

internal pudendal vessels, pudendal nerve, dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

23
Q

what 3 nerves does the pudendal nerve split into

A
  1. perineal nerves
  2. dorsal nerve to penis or clitoris (deepest)
  3. inferior rectal nerve (S4)
24
Q

skeletal muscle located around the inferior end of the anal canal; blends superiorly with the puborectalis muscle

A

external anal sphincter

25
Q

smooth muscle located around the superior aspect of the anal canal

A

internal anal sphincter

26
Q

divides the anal canal into the superior part derived from the hindgut and inferior part derived from the proctodeum

A

pectinate line

27
Q

distal and enlarged conical end of the corpus spongiosum. contained within - ectodermal derivative, the navicular fossa

A

glans penis

28
Q

originate proximally at the ischiopubic rami as the crura of the penis and then are fused at midline

A

corpus cavernosa

29
Q

crura of the cavernosa are surrounded by the

A

ischiocavernosus muscles

30
Q

begins proximally as the bulb of the penis which is penetrated by the membranous urethra

A

corpus spongiosum

31
Q

bulb of the spongiosum is surrounded by the

A

bulbospongiosus muscle

32
Q

deep fascia of the anterior surface of the pubic symphysis that blends with buck’s fascia to suspend the penis

A

suspensory ligament

33
Q

foreskin that covers the glans penis

34
Q

drains the skin of the penis, superficial to bucks fascia

A

superficial dorsal vein of the penis

35
Q

vein deep to bucks fascia that drains the cavernous spaces and into prostatic venous plexus

A

deep dorsal vein of the penis

Viscera Lecture (11 decks)

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