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Pathology > Post Mortem > Flashcards

Post Mortem Flashcards

1
Q

reportable features of post mortem lesions (8)

A

location
colour
size/weight
shape
consistency
% involved (or number)
content
odor

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2
Q

morphological descriptions of post mortem lesions (5)

A

distribution
time (acute/chronic)
severity
cause
type

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3
Q

agonal changes

A

changes that take place immediately before death - due to circulation failures

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4
Q

rigor mortis

A

stiffening after death

related to body temperature and metabolic activity at time of death - quick if excited or stressed, slow if cachetic (may not happen at all)

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5
Q

algor mortis

A

cooling of carcass with death

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6
Q

corneal clouding

A

after 25 hours after death, easier to evaluate if eyelids have been shut (prevents corneal dehydration)

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7
Q

lens clouding

A

often mistaken for cataracts
cloud more easily when cold

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8
Q

rumen mucosal sloughing

A

failure to slough after many hours - suggests a lesion causing adhesion

within 20 mins to several hours

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9
Q

blood glucose

A

drops rapidly 20 mins after death

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10
Q

growth of eggs or maggots on carcass

A

agonal

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11
Q

blood clotting

A

blood coagulates in large arteries and right ventricle

looks like redcurrant jelly and chicken fat

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12
Q

inhibition of bile pigment

A

local colour change

bile salt diffuse and stain nearby tissue

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13
Q

gaseous distension of GIT

A

adjacent organs may show surface pallor

caused by continuation of normal bacterial fermentation

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14
Q

putrefaction

A

tissue degradation - tissue broken down, makes new substances with bad smells
hydrogen sulphide production - blackish colour and rotten egg smell
liver - becomes soft, greenish-blackish, foamy

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15
Q

splenomegaly

A

from barbiturate euthanasia

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16
Q

discolouration of heart muscle

A

green-yellow if barbiturate injected directly to heart

17
Q

Artefact

A

change that occurs as part of the killing of the animal

18
Q

postmortem change

A

occurs after death

19
Q

hemocyst (blood cyst)

A

in heart
incidental
smooth, red, raised round focus
seen often in young animals

20
Q

endocardiosis

A

heart
incidental depending on context of specific animal
age related
multifocal at line of closure of valve, thickened and pale cream with coalescent nodules

21
Q

age related calcification

A

lungs
bits of calcium
incidental if didn’t die of respiratory failure
relevant if widespread or evidence of uremia or respiratory failure - uremic calcification or vitamin d poisoning
multifocal firm to gritty small areas

22
Q

paralaphestrongylus tenuis

A

nervous system
incidental in deer but causes neurologic disease in cows and sheep - migrates through spinal cord
nematodes multifocally in meninges and over surface of cerebrum

23
Q

ascarid migration

A

liver
multifocal, affecting all lobes, poorly demarcated, flat, round, white to pale tan foci
various nematode species
incidental unless massive migration
common in outdoor pigs

24
Q

hepatocellular adenoma/carcinoma

A

lungs
adenoma - benign
carcinoma - malignant
only an issue if they rupture –> hemoabdomen
entirely obliterating a lobe, large, nodularm round, pink to red firm mass

25
Q

nodular hypoplasia

A

spleen
focal, well demarcated, black to red to pink mass
can grow large and rupture
focally expanded and raising contour of the spleen
usually incidental if just one and not ruptured, could be a malignant neoplasm

26
Q

splenic trauma

A

spleen
focally divided capsule and parencyhma, linear, well demarcated
may be from previous trauma
stellate scars in horses
omental adhesions - areas of previous rupture

27
Q

siderotic plaques

A

spleen
focally extnsive rasied capsule, raised white/grey gritty plaques
accumulation of debris from erythrocyte turnover

28
Q

renal cysts

A

kidney
fluid filled
can be incidental or pathological - patient history important

29
Q

external exam

A

BCS
Crown-rump length
skin and hair - signs of parasites
mucous membranes
jaundice
dentition
faecal or urinary staining
trauma/injury

30
Q

pluck

A

tongue

Pathology (24 decks)

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