Cell Death Flashcards
hypereosinophilia
bright pink - lots of eosinophils
pyknosis
shrinkage
karyorrhexis
fragmentation
karyolysis
dissolution
inflammation
clears damage
causes of cell death (2)
anoxia
membrane damage
anoxia
no oxygen
no ATP production
sodium/potassium pumps don’t work
calcium pumps also affected
membrane damage causes (4)
anoxia
pore forming toxins
reactive species - damage DNA and mitochondria
apoptosis
necrosis types (6)
liquefactive/lytic
coagulative
caseous
gangrenous
fat
fibrinoid
liquefactive/lytic necrosis
cells lysed and converted to fluid phase
in CNS
caused by bacteria/fungi
morphology - soft, viscous, cavity with pus.
histology - cell debris, eosinophilic fluid, messy
coagulative necrosis
caused by hypoxic injury, bacterial or chemical toxins
morphology - well demarcated, rim of inflammation
histology - tissue architecture maintained, retained basement membranes, inflammation, early attempts at healing
caseous necrosis
cheese like
can be chronic - body can’t heal from cause of the necrosis
common in birds and reptiles
morphology - friable, granular, white, encapsulated
histology - loss of architecture, lysed leucocytes, broder of inflammation, outer fibrous tissue, central calcification
gangrenous necrosis
sequel to coagulative necrosis
3 types - wet, gaseous, dry
wet - smelly, bacteria, liquefactive
gaseous - gas bubbles, anaeorbic bacteria, dark red-black, fluid
dry - secondary to infarction, lower end of extremity, frost bite or toxins, dry, shrivelled, brown-black
fat necrosis
types - nutritional, enzymatic, traumatic, idiopathic
focal areas of fat destruction
nutritional - yellow, free radicals formation
enzymatic - eg pancreatitis, basophilic calcium deposits
traumatic - crush injury
idiopathic - large mass of necrotic fat
morphology - firm, white, chalky
histology - eosinophilic, basophilic
fibroid necrosis
necrosis of blood vessel walls
histology - bright pink, glossy cartilage, thrombosis
