Population Trends and Issues Flashcards
census
the process of collecting compiling, and publishing demographic, economic, and social data about all people living in a particular area
Why is data less accurate in developing countries?
the registration of births and deaths is not as complete as in developed countries
birth rate
the number of births per 1000 people in a country in a given year
death rate
the number of deaths per 1000 people in a country in a given year
demography
the study of population numbers, distribution, trends, and issues
4 basic components of population change are…
- birth rate 2. death rate 3. immigration rate 4. emigration rate
Natural increase (NI)
the rate at which a population increases or decreases in a year expressed as a percentage of the total population; calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate
rule of 70
the time it takes a country to double its population, approximately 70 divided by the country’s growth rate
doubling time
the number of years it takes a country to double its population at its current growth rate
demographic transition model
a model that shows changes in a populations birth and death rates and growth based on technological development
family planning
the concept of limiting the size of families; India became the first to launch family planning program
one-child policy
a policy adopted by China to control population growth
age cohort
an age group in a population
population pyramid
a graph that shows the age and gender structure of a population
dependency ratio
the proportion of the population that is being supported by the working age group
dependency load
the percentage of a population that is younger than 15 or older than 64 years
neo-Malthusians
predict that disaster will overtake populations in the worlds poorest developing countries
carrying capacity
the maximum number of people that can be sustained by an environment
cornucopias
people who have optimistic views on population growth due to advances in science and technology
ecumene
populated area of the world
population density formula
population/ area in km^2
Physical Factors of Population density
climate, landscape, resources, soils, vegetation, water, accessibility
Human Factors of Population Density
government policies, disease, development, culture, communication
nutritional density
a measure of how much nutrition in calories can be produced from a certain area
Early expanding
- high birth and death rates 2. short life expectancy developing countries
Expanding
- rapid increase in population 2. high birth rate 3. lowering death rate 4. longer life expectancy developing countries
Stable
- stable or slow population increase 2. declining birth and death rates 3. more elderly people developed countries
Contracting
- extremely low birth rate and low death rate 2. higher dependency ratio 3. longer life expectancy developed countries
